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A BASIC STUDY FOR CO-CONSERVATION OF GEOGRAPHICAL AND BIOLOGICAL LANDSCAPES IN A VOLCANIC REGION.

火山地区地理和生物景观共同保护的基础研究。

基本信息

批准号：
11680525
负责人：
NOMURA Satoshi
金额：
$ 2.37万
依托单位：
GUNMA UNIVERSITY
依托单位国家：
日本
项目类别：
Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (C)
财政年份：
1999
资助国家：
日本
起止时间：
1999 至 2000
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://kaken.nii.ac.jp/grant/KAKENHI-PROJECT-11680525/
关键词：
AIR TEMPERATURE ALPINE PLANTS FUNGAL DISTRIBUTION MICORRHIZAE STRUCTURED SOIL VOLCANIC CRATER VOLCANIC SOIL STRUCTURE VOLCANO 火山地形火山植生協調的保全

项目摘要

ALPINE PLANTS DISTRIBUTION PATTERNS AT MT.KUSATSU MOTOSHIRANE WERE DESCRIBED AND SOME RELATED ENVIRONMENTAL FACTORS WERE INVESTIGATED.AT THE KARAGAMA VOLCANIC CRATER, HIGHER AREA OF THE CRATER WALL IS MAINLY COVERED WITH ABIES VEITCHIIAND BETULA ERMANII, AND LOWER AREA IS COVERED WITH PINUS PUMILA AND VACCINIUM ULIGINOSUM.THIS DISTRIBUTION PATTERN IS CONTRARY TO THE GENERAL PATTERN OF THESE SPECIES.CONTINUOUS AIR TEMPERATURE MEASUREMENT REVEALED THAT THE HIGHER AREA WAS WARMER THAN THE LOWER AREA DURING THE WINTER SEASON.THE SOIL PROFILE AT THE BOTTOM OF THE KARAGAMA VOLCANIC CRATER SUGGESTS THAT THIS AREA IS UNDER WET AND COLD ENVIRONMENT.THERE ARE MANY NATURALLY-DESTRUCTED SITES AROUND THE CRATER AND SANDS AND GRAVELS ARE CONTINUOUSLY SUPPLIED TO THE BOTTOM OF THE CRATER.THESE ENVIRONMENTAL CONDITIONS MAY CAUSE THE UNIQUE PATTERN OF THE VEGETATION IN THE CRATER.THERE ARE SOME SITES WITH STRUCTURED SOILS IN AND AROUND THE KARAGAMA CRATER AND ENORMOUS NUMBER OF AN ALPINE PLANT, DICENTRA PEREGRINA, ARE PLANTED THERE.THE GEOGRAPHICAL SURVEY REVEALED THAT THIS PLANT WAS REMOVED FROM THE SAND BELT OF THE STRUCTURED SOILS BY SOIL MOVEMENT CAUSED BY THE CREATION OF FROST COLUMNS DURING THE OLD SEASON.INVESTIGATION OF RHIZOSPHERIC FUNGI SHOWED THAT MOST OF THE ALPINE PLANT SPECIES GROWING AT THE TOP OF THE MT.KUSATSU MOTOSHIRANE AND MT.KUSATSU SIRANE HAVE MICORRHIZAL SYMBIOSIS.THIS SUGGEST THAT THE MICORRHIZAL FUNGI PLAY AN IMPORTANT ROLE FOR ALPINE PLANT SURVIVAL IN THE VOLCANIC REGION.FUNGAL DISTRIBUTION PATTERNS IN LITTERS OF PINUS PUMILA AND ABIES VEITCHII, ANIMAL DUNGS AND VOLCANIC ACID LAKES REVEALED THAT THE DECOMPOSITION SYSTEM IN THIS VOLCANIC REGION IS REGULATED BY THE COLD CLIMATE, BUT MAYBE GOOD ENOUGH FOR MATTER CYCLING WITHIN THIS ECOSYSTEM.

本文描述了草津本兰山高山植物的分布格局，并对有关环境因素进行了分析。在鹿儿岛火山口，火山口壁的上部主要为威氏冷杉和贝特曼冷杉，结果表明，在1998年至1999年，我国的热带雨林中，热带雨林的分布格局是：热带雨林的分布格局是：热带雨林的分布格局是热带雨林的分布格局在冬季比低层地区温暖。在Karagama火山口底部的土壤剖面表明，该地区处于潮湿和寒冷的环境中。有许多自然-火山口周围有破坏性场地，火山口底部不断有砂石供应，这些环境条件可能导致火山口内植被的独特格局。卡拉加玛陨石坑周围有大量的高山植物，Dicentra Peregrina，地理调查表明，该植物是在旧季形成霜柱后，因土壤移动而从结构土的沙带中迁移出来的。根际真菌调查表明，大部分高山植物生长在草津本银山和草津西银山的山顶在火山区的高山植物凋落物、动物粪便和火山酸湖中的真菌分布格局表明，火山区的分解系统受寒冷气候的调节，但对该生态系统中的物质循环可能是有利的。