A Crosslinguistic Study for the Universal Developmental Index

我们项目的最初目标是开发一个日语发展指数，并将其与英语发展指数进行比较，并提出四年内通用的发展指数。但项目期限被缩短为两年，我们专注于基于我们收集的三个纵向观察的日本儿童语料库来开发日语发展指数。我们分析了日语中下列短语的发展顺序：(1)致使，(2)否定，(3)格助词，(4)动词形态，(5)连词和连词助词，(6)名词短语结构，(7)代词和指示语，(8)名量词，(9)句末助词，(10)包含礼貌形式的透视表达。此外，我们还开发了一个发展顺序标度系统，并应用它得到了一个发展指数，在未来，我们的发展指数将得到进一步的纵向数据的验证，并在大量的横断面数据上进行检验。

The original goals of our project are to develop a developmental index for Japanese, to compare it with the developmental index for English, and to propose the universal developmental index in four years.However the project term was reduced into two years, we focused on developing a developmental index for Japanese based on our collected corpora three longitudinally observed Japanese children. We analyzed the developmental sequences of the following expressions in Japanese : (1) causative, (2) negation, (3) case particle, (4) verb morphology, (5) conjunction and conjunctive particle, (6) noun phrase structure, (7) pronoun and deixis, (8) nominal classifier, (9) sentence final particle, and (10) perspective expresseion including polite form.The individual results were compared with the literature most of which described the course of the development using only one child. Furthermore we developed a developmental order scaling system, and applied it to get a developmental index.In future, our developmental index will be verified with further longitudinal data, and also be tested on a large number of cross-sectional data.