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CIRCULAR POLARIZATION AND HOMOCHIRALITY IN STAR FORMING REGIONS

恒星形成区域的圆偏振和同手性

基本信息

批准号：
12309010
负责人：
TAMURA Motohide
金额：
$ 14.66万
依托单位：
NATIONAL ASTRONOMICAL OBSERVATORY OF JAPAN (NAOJ)
依托单位国家：
日本
项目类别：
Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (A)
财政年份：
2000
资助国家：
日本
起止时间：
2000 至 2003
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://kaken.nii.ac.jp/grant/KAKENHI-PROJECT-12309010/
关键词：
INFRARED STAR FORMATION POLARIZATION CHIRALITY E.T.

项目摘要

This research is based on the discovery of large circular polarization in the Orion star forming region by an international team including ours. A proposal that the homochirality of life is from space is emerged. In order to establish this idea, it is necessary to develop special polarimeters and to conduct observations of a number of star forming regions in our and in the Magellanic clouds. The outcome of such observations is a database of astronomical polarizations in star forming regions and this will be a clue to understand if the circular polarizations in star forming regions are imprinted in intercloud molecules, then brought to the Earth by meteors or comets. We have successfully developed a polarimeter for the Subaru 8.2m telescope (atop of Mauna Kea, in Hawaii), called CIAO polarimeter. We have also developed a portable ultra-accurate polarimeter. The former polarimeter is used in regular open observations. This enables astronomers to observe polarizations with a very high resolution (0.1 arcsec), about one order higher resolution than the conventional optical and infrared polarimetry. This capability on the Subaru telescope is the first among the world 8-10 meter class telescopes. The letter polarimeter can detect any polarizations due to the presence of extrasolar planets around nearby stars. This is currently one of the hottest topics in the extrasolar planets fields. The polarimeter has finished test observations at the University of Hawaii 2.2 meter telescope at Mauna Kea and we have confirmed the accuracy of the polarimeter is better than 10^(-6). We have also conducted a number of related observations in star forming regions.

这项研究是基于包括我们在内的一个国际团队在猎户座星星形成区发现的大圆偏振。提出了生命的同手性来自太空的观点。为了确立这一观点，有必要研制特殊的偏振计，并对我们的星云和麦哲伦星云中的一些星星形成区进行观测。这种观测的结果是一个星星形成区天文偏振数据库，这将是一个线索，了解如果圆偏振在星星形成区是印在云间分子，然后带到地球的流星或彗星。我们已经成功地为斯巴鲁8.2米望远镜（位于夏威夷的莫纳克亚山顶）开发了一种偏振计，称为CIAO偏振计。我们还开发了一种便携式超精密旋光仪。前旋光仪用于定期开放观测。这使得天文学家能够以非常高的分辨率（0.1弧秒）观察偏振，比传统的光学和红外偏振测量高出一个数量级。斯巴鲁望远镜的这种能力是世界上第一个8-10米级望远镜。字母偏振仪可以探测到由于附近恒星周围太阳系外行星的存在而产生的任何偏振。这是目前太阳系外行星领域最热门的话题之一。该偏振计已在夏威夷大学的莫纳克亚山2.2米望远镜上完成了测试观测，其精度优于10^（-6）。我们还在星星形成区进行了一些相关的观测。