Study on the Personality Development of Adolescents and Adults with Intellectual Deficiencies

智力缺陷青少年和成人的人格发展研究

• 批准号: 12610110
• 负责人: MUNESAWA Tadao
• 金额: $ 0.9万
• 依托单位: Saitama University
• 依托单位国家: 日本
• 项目类别: Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (C)
• 财政年份: 2000
• 资助国家: 日本
• 起止时间: 2000 至 2001
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://kaken.nii.ac.jp/grant/KAKENHI-PROJECT-12610110/
• 关键词: adolescents and adults with intellectual deficiencies; value attitude development; self perception; person perception; friendship conception : FC; making decision by oneself; working settings and living settings; conflict and solution; 親密性; 葛藤回避傾

The purpose of this study is to identify several aspects of the value attitude development, which is in advance of the intellectual abilities development, of adolescents and adults with intellectual deficiencies who have actual jobs in their daily living. The findings would be the basic information for supporting people with intellectual deficiencies to make decisions by themselves in their lives. Participants were 10 males and females between the ages of 20 and 32, users of facilities for people with intellectual deficiencies in Saitama Prefecture. After examining in WAIS-R, WISK-R and the Kyoto Scale of Psychological Development, they were interviewed on the self perception, the person perception and the friendship conception : FC, both in their working settings and their living settings.Results and discussion are as follows. (1) Individuals of 25 and over showed high scores at the development of all aspects of the self perception, the person perception and the FC. These advanced on … More the intellectual abilities development by one to two steps compared with ordinary children's. This result indicates the importance of normal experiences as adults such as life experiences including jobs and of the supporting idea for adults that differ from one for children. (2) The development of self perception were dominant in the working settings and the development of person perception were dominant in the living settings. The former reflects the character of working settings such as human relations defined by certain value and roles and concentration on their own role as workers. The latter reflects the character of working settings where they experience various types of relationship with others. (3) As for the development of FC, horizontal lags at 6 components of FC (formation, intimacy, confidence, jealousy, conflict and solution and termination) and high scores at conflict and solution were found. These indicate that they tend to have troubles with their human relations because there is no integration of perspectives between components so that they always use solution strategies divided in each component. (4) Their experiences with negative emotions like jealousy or conflict and solution tended to be repressed in their both working and living scenes where the FC development related. This finding suggests that they shouldn't be repressed to express their jealousy or conflicts because of their adult ages, but they should be encouraged to think over even their negative emotions. It's important that their value attitude development itself is secured. Less

本研究的目的是要找出在日常生活中有实际工作的智障青少年和成人的价值态度发展中，先于智障能力发展的几个方面。这些发现将成为支持智力缺陷患者在生活中自己做决定的基本信息。参与者是10名年龄在20到32岁之间的男性和女性，他们都是埼玉县智力缺陷人士设施的使用者。在采用WAIS-R、WISK-R和京都心理发展量表的基础上，对他们在工作环境和生活环境中的自我感知、人际感知和友谊概念FC进行了访谈。结果和讨论如下。(1) 25岁及以上的个体在自我知觉、人知觉和人格特征各方面的发展均表现出较高的得分。与普通儿童相比，他们的智力发展了一到两步。这一结果表明了成年人正常经历的重要性，比如包括工作在内的生活经历，以及对成年人不同于对儿童的支持观念。(2)工作环境以自我知觉发展为主，生活环境以个人知觉发展为主。前者反映了工作环境的特征，如由一定的价值和角色所定义的人际关系，以及对自己作为工人角色的关注。后者反映了工作环境的特点，他们在工作环境中与他人建立了各种类型的关系。(3)在情感冲突的形成、亲密、自信、嫉妒、冲突、解决和终止6个分量上存在水平滞后，在冲突和解决两个分量上得分较高。这表明他们倾向于在人际关系中遇到麻烦，因为组件之间没有集成透视图，因此他们总是使用每个组件中划分的解决方案策略。(4)在与FC发展相关的工作和生活场景中，他们的嫉妒或冲突与解决等负面情绪体验倾向于被压抑。这一发现表明，他们不应该因为成年而压抑自己的嫉妒或冲突，而是应该鼓励他们思考自己的负面情绪。重要的是，他们的价值态度发展本身是有保障的。少