Study on the Personality Development of Adolescents and Adults with Intellectual Deficiencies

本研究的目的是确定在日常生活中有实际工作的智力缺陷青少年和成人的价值态度发展的几个方面，这是在智力发展之前。研究结果将成为支持智力缺陷者在生活中自主决策的基本信息。参加者为琦玉县智力缺陷者设施的使用者，年龄在20岁至32岁之间的10名男性和女性。采用WAIS-R、WISK-R和京都心理发展量表对被试进行测试，并在工作和生活环境中对被试的自我知觉、人际知觉和友谊观进行访谈，结果如下：(1)25岁及以上的个体在自我知觉、个人知觉和FC的各个方面的发展中都表现出很高的分数。这些先进的 ...更多信息 智力发展比一般儿童快一至两个台阶。这一结果表明，作为成年人的正常经验，如生活经验，包括工作和支持的想法，成人不同于儿童的重要性。(2)工作环境中自我知觉的发展占主导地位，生活环境中个人知觉的发展占主导地位。前者反映了工作环境的特点，如由一定的价值和角色定义的人际关系，以及对自己作为工人角色的关注。后者反映了工作环境的特点，在那里他们与他人有各种关系。(3)在FC的形成、亲密、自信、嫉妒、冲突和解决、终止6个维度上存在水平滞后，在冲突和解决维度上得分较高，表明他们在人际关系中存在问题，因为各维度之间的观点没有整合，他们总是使用分解在各个维度上的解决策略。(4)在与FC发展相关的工作和生活场景中，他们的嫉妒或冲突和解决等负面情绪经历往往被压抑。这一发现表明，不应该因为他们的成年年龄而压制他们表达嫉妒或冲突，但应该鼓励他们思考甚至是他们的负面情绪。重要的是，他们的价值观发展本身是有保障的。少

The purpose of this study is to identify several aspects of the value attitude development, which is in advance of the intellectual abilities development, of adolescents and adults with intellectual deficiencies who have actual jobs in their daily living. The findings would be the basic information for supporting people with intellectual deficiencies to make decisions by themselves in their lives. Participants were 10 males and females between the ages of 20 and 32, users of facilities for people with intellectual deficiencies in Saitama Prefecture. After examining in WAIS-R, WISK-R and the Kyoto Scale of Psychological Development, they were interviewed on the self perception, the person perception and the friendship conception : FC, both in their working settings and their living settings.Results and discussion are as follows. (1) Individuals of 25 and over showed high scores at the development of all aspects of the self perception, the person perception and the FC. These advanced on … More the intellectual abilities development by one to two steps compared with ordinary children's. This result indicates the importance of normal experiences as adults such as life experiences including jobs and of the supporting idea for adults that differ from one for children. (2) The development of self perception were dominant in the working settings and the development of person perception were dominant in the living settings. The former reflects the character of working settings such as human relations defined by certain value and roles and concentration on their own role as workers. The latter reflects the character of working settings where they experience various types of relationship with others. (3) As for the development of FC, horizontal lags at 6 components of FC (formation, intimacy, confidence, jealousy, conflict and solution and termination) and high scores at conflict and solution were found. These indicate that they tend to have troubles with their human relations because there is no integration of perspectives between components so that they always use solution strategies divided in each component. (4) Their experiences with negative emotions like jealousy or conflict and solution tended to be repressed in their both working and living scenes where the FC development related. This finding suggests that they shouldn't be repressed to express their jealousy or conflicts because of their adult ages, but they should be encouraged to think over even their negative emotions. It's important that their value attitude development itself is secured. Less