Counseling effect of the shamanistic interview performed by okinawan shaman Yuta

本课题由两部分组成，通过问卷调查的方式，对冲绳人对萨满“玉塔”的使用、评价和认知进行了研究。在前期调查的基础上，编制了三种调查问卷，对157名冲绳学生和164名冲绳中老年人进行了问卷调查。结果表明，受试者家庭成员使用鱼塔的比例分别为62%(学生)和80%(中老年)，使用鱼塔的比例分别为17%(学生)和50%(中老年)。研究发现，冲绳妇女使用玉塔的比例与冲绳妇女的宗教文化--祭祀火神有关。关于评价，调查发现，许多人选择了“我对玉塔的好形象和坏形象”(48%的学生，44%的中老年人)，而不考虑他们使用玉塔的经历。在认知方面，发现了四个因素(“神圣媒介”、“传统咨询师”、“灾祸制造者”和“不祥之人”)。研究发现，尤塔人基于冲绳人的精神能力扮演着传统的顾问角色，而与尤塔人的接触引发了一些矛盾的情绪。作为以尤塔人为研究对象的研究结果，发现成为萨满的过程意味着他们的自我愈合。

This project was composed of two researches.The research of the okinawan people's using, evaluation and cognition concerning the shaman "Yuta" was performed by the method of questionnaire. Based on the preliminary research, three kinds of questionnaire were composed and performed to 157 okinawan students and 164 okinawan middle and old ages. As the result, the proportion of using Yuta of the subjects' family member was 62%(students) and 80%(middle and old ages), the proportion of using Yuta of the subjects was 17%(students) and 50%(middle and old ages). It was found that the proportion of using Yuta was related to the Hinukan-enshrining (worship of fire spirit) which was the religious culture performed by okinawan women. Concerning the evaluation, it was found that many people chose the item "I have both of good and bad image to the Yuta"(48% of students, 44% of middle and old ages), regardless of their experiences of using Yuta. Concerning the cognition, four factors ("sacred medium", "traditional consultant", "misfortune maker" and "ominous person") were found. It was found that the Yutas took the role of traditional consultant (counselor) for okinawan people based on their spiritual ability, whereas the contact with the Yutas provoked some ambivalent feelings.As the result of research which was taken the Yutas as the object of study, it was found that the process of becoming shamans meant their self-healing.