An Environmental Psychological Study of Residential Factors affecting Crime Victimization and Fear of Crime of the Residents of High-Rise Apartment

影响高层公寓居民犯罪受害及犯罪恐惧的居住因素的环境心理研究

• 批准号: 12610156
• 负责人: OMATA Kenji
• 金额: $ 2.18万
• 依托单位: Surugadai Unviersity (2002-2003)College of Nagoya Bunri University (2000-2001)
• 依托单位国家: 日本
• 项目类别: Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (C)
• 财政年份: 2000
• 资助国家: 日本
• 起止时间: 2000 至 2003
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://kaken.nii.ac.jp/grant/KAKENHI-PROJECT-12610156/
• 关键词: Crime; Fear of Crime; High-Rise Apartment; Environmental Psychological Study

The aim of this study was to reveal the residential factors affecting crime victimization and fear of crime in the residents of high-rise apartment. The study was designed to clarify the neighborhood characteristics, structural characteristics and the interaction between them.This study consisted of two questionnaire researches. The first research was carried out in Nagoya city and the second was in Saitama prefecture. The questions used were almost same between them. Subjects were adult females (from 20 to 60 years old) in both researches.The following results were obtained. Firstly, the size of apartment had dear main effect on some crimes. The larger the size was, the more frequently crime occurred. Secondly, the lighting condition in apartment site also had main effect on the crime, especially on the intrusion. Good lighting condition seemed to inhibit this kind of crime. Thirdly, the characteristics of neighborhood land use affected violent crimes such as sexual crime and robbery. These crimes seemed to occur more frequently in the residential quarter which was apart from main railway station than in the shopping area near to main station.The interaction between neighborhood and structural characteristics were also confirmed. For example, the inhibitoiy influences of lighting on sexual crimes were found in the residential quarters but not in the shopping area. In addition, sexual assault occurred more frequently in the apartment which was near to main road than in the apartment apart from main road, but this relationship was found only in the shopping area. Conversely, it occurred more frequently in the latter in the residential area.

本研究旨在探讨影响高层公寓居民犯罪被害与犯罪恐惧的居住环境因素。本研究旨在探讨社区的邻里特征、结构特征以及它们之间的相互作用。第一项研究在名古屋市进行，第二项研究在琦玉县进行。他们之间使用的问题几乎相同。两项研究的受试者均为20 ~ 60岁的成年女性。首先，公寓的大小对某些犯罪有明显的主要影响。规模越大，犯罪发生的频率越高。其次，公寓场所的照明条件对犯罪行为也有重要影响，尤其是对入侵行为的影响。良好的照明条件似乎抑制了这种犯罪。邻里土地利用特征对性犯罪、抢劫等暴力犯罪的发生有一定的影响。这些犯罪似乎更频繁地发生在远离主要火车站的住宅区，而不是在主要火车站附近的购物区，邻里和结构特征之间的相互作用也得到了证实。例如，照明对性犯罪的负面影响在住宅区被发现，而不是在购物区。此外，性侵犯发生在公寓附近的主要道路比公寓远离主要道路更频繁，但这种关系只发现在购物区。相反，它更频繁地发生在后者的住宅区。