An Empirical Study on Social Change of Rural and Urbanized Community

城乡社区社会变迁实证研究

• 批准号: 12610167
• 负责人: SHIRAI Hiroaki
• 金额: $ 1.34万
• 依托单位: Saitama University
• 依托单位国家: 日本
• 项目类别: Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (C)
• 财政年份: 2000
• 资助国家: 日本
• 起止时间: 2000 至 2001
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://kaken.nii.ac.jp/grant/KAKENHI-PROJECT-12610167/
• 关键词: Urbanization; 'ie-rengo'; neighborhood organization; Ward association; community; 生活様式; ムラ; 村落

The aim of this investigation is to grasp the actual conditions of social changes of rural and urbanized community. In order to this aim, we investigated the actual conditions of two area, Yamaturi Town in Fukushima Prefecture as rural community and Hasuda City in Saitama Prefecture as urbanized community. At the former, we had interview with 20 ward chiefs('kucho') and many other key persons. At the later, we make an questionnaire investigation to 100 chiefs of ward association ('jichikaicho') and many other key persons. And in both area we collected many sort of administrative documents and the documents that ward associations have possessed.Main findings are :1. In both area, word associations have administrative function and they are basics of political activity of residents. Further they do many sort of community activities. And that activities bring social integration of community.2. Also in urbanized community ―ward in Hasuda City―, ward associations in agricultural area are organized upon traditional ward('oaza') that formed at Meiji era, in this ward residents conduct many activities ― mainly, maintenance of road and overflow and enhancing mutual friendship. And they are so with rural community―ward in Yamaturi Town.3. The difference between each community activity is a festival of the tutelary god of traditional area. In the ward in Yamaturi Town it is an important activity of ward associations, but in Hasuda City, it is not include in community activity of ward associations.4. This difference depends on the degree of maintenance of traditional household-attributions ('ie') and the ward associations in Yamaturi Town are founded on traditional neighborhood organization('ie-rengo'). But the families that have being confronted with difficulty maintaining this traditional attributions of household―succession of household in stem family―increase, and traditional neighborhood organization is stripping of its many contents.

本次调查的目的是把握农村和城市化社区社会变迁的实际状况。为了实现这一目标，我们调查了两个地区的实际情况，福岛县的山村镇作为农村社区和琦玉县的莲田市作为城市化社区。在前者，我们采访了20个区长（“kucho”）和许多其他关键人物。之后，我们对100名区会（“自治会町”）的负责人和其他关键人物进行了问卷调查。在这两个地区，我们收集了各种行政文件和区会所拥有的文件。在这两个地区，文字社团都具有行政功能，是居民政治活动的基础。此外，他们还开展各种社群活动。而这些活动带来了社区的社会融合。此外，在都市化的社区--莲田市的区--农业区的区协会是在明治时代形成的传统区（“oaza”）的基础上组织起来的，在这个区居民进行许多活动--主要是道路和溢出的维护和增进相互友谊。山土里町的农村社区也是如此。各社区活动之间的区别是传统地区的守护神节。在山投町的区，这是区会的重要活动，但在莲田市，这并不包括在区会的社区活动中。这种差异取决于传统的家庭属性（“ie”）的维护程度，山村镇的区协会是建立在传统的邻里组织（“ie-rengo”）。但是，由于传统的家庭属性--干户继承--难以维持，传统邻里组织的许多内容正在被剥离。