How mammalian males indirectly control transmission of paternal traits.

该项目旨在解决雄性受孕前的环境侮辱如何能够改变后续后代的表型。这个项目希望在一个关键的生物学途径上产生基础知识，关于受孕时精子传递的非遗传因素如何能够规划发育中的胚胎的生长。从这个项目产生的知识将为应对和潜在地减轻环境变化对哺乳动物生殖系统的影响提供理解和生物学选择。

This project aims to address how environmental insults in males prior to conception are able to modify phenotype of subsequent offspring. This project expects to generate fundamental knowledge in a key biological pathway on how non-genetic factors delivered by sperm at conception are able to program the growth of the developing embryo.The knowledge generated from this project will provide understanding and biological options for responding to, and potentially mitigating the impacts of environmental change on the mammalian reproductive system.