A theoretical and empirical study on the collapse of the 20th century's socialist economic system and its implications in the future

20世纪社会主义经济体系崩溃及其对未来影响的理论和实证研究

• 批准号: 12630003
• 负责人: AOKI Kunihiko
• 金额: $ 1.79万
• 依托单位: Tohoku University
• 依托单位国家: 日本
• 项目类别: Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (C)
• 财政年份: 2000
• 资助国家: 日本
• 起止时间: 2000 至 2002
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://kaken.nii.ac.jp/grant/KAKENHI-PROJECT-12630003/
• 关键词: economic system; socialism and communism; Karl Marx; Karl R. Popper; Walt Whitman Rostow; Daniel Bell; Francis Fukuyama; John Rawls; 社会主義; 資本主義; 経済体制; ソ連; 東欧; 中国; 唯物史観; 体制転換; ベトナム

The purpose of this study is to rethink causes of the collapse of the Soviet-type regimes and the 20th century's socialist economic system from a viewpoint of the present time and to study their implications for social formations of the 21st century's society and economy as a post-industrial and post-socialist society.Here in this report I write especially about the result of theoretical study of Marx's historical materialism and criticisms to him. Formerly I argued mainly about the faults of Marx's own concept of future socialist economy. This time I examine his historical materialism itself that was a basis of his concept for the future. Main problems of it are a too rigid structure of his theory and an ignorance of the effect of essential human psychology upon social formations."Introduction of my report explains the framework of this report. "1. Transition: First 10 Ynars"" shows a summarized situation of the economy in the former Soviet and East European countries. ""2. Historical … More mhaterialism"" first explains the content of historical materialism and then extracts the main subject, that is, difficulties between his historicism (obiectism) and activism as a revolutionary. ""3. Popper, moral radicalism and Marx"" finds a direction to growing flexibility of the theory through considering Popper's criticism on Marx and supports not a historicism but a moderate histerism. ""4. Rostow's view of history and future, and Marx"" considers Rostow as a bridge from Marx to Bell and Fuluyama. ""5. Bell's technological view of history and pluralism"" finds a more concrete way for a moderate historism. ""6. Fukuyam's evolutionary and technological view of history"" does not agree with his assertions about the end of history, but it shows that his viewpoint about social formations which emphasizes not only technology and reason but also human psycohology is effective. ""7. Rawls's and Ichii's justice and social formations"" argues relations between essential human psychology and social furmatisne. Less

本研究的目的是从当前的角度重新思考苏联式政权和20世纪社会主义经济制度崩溃的原因，并研究它们对21世纪后工业和后社会主义社会的社会形态和经济的影响。在这篇报告中，我着重论述了对马克思唯物史观的理论研究和对他的批判的结果。以前，我主要讨论马克思自己关于未来社会主义经济概念的错误。这一次，我考察了他的历史唯物主义本身，这是他未来概念的基础。其主要问题是理论结构过于僵化，忽视了人类基本心理对社会形态的影响。“我的报告的引言解释了本报告的框架。“1。《转型：前10年》一书概述了前苏联和东欧国家的经济状况。”“2。《历史的……更唯物主义》一书首先解释了历史唯物主义的内容，然后提炼出主要的主题，即他的历史主义（客观主义）与作为革命者的行动主义之间的困难。”“3。“波普尔、道德激进主义和马克思”通过对波普尔对马克思的批判，找到了理论日益灵活的方向，支持的不是历史决定论，而是一种温和的历史决定论。”“4。罗斯托的历史观和未来观，以及马克思的“”，认为罗斯托是马克思与贝尔、福山之间的桥梁。”“5。贝尔的技术历史观和“多元论”为温和的历史主义找到了更为具体的途径。”“6。福冈的“进化的、技术的历史观”与他关于历史终结的论断并不一致，但却表明了他既强调技术、理性又强调人的心理的社会形态观是有效的。”“7。罗尔斯和一井的《正义与社会形态》论述了人的本质心理与社会形态之间的关系。少