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Physiological and biochemical study of peptides and hormones which are active in the cardio vascular and reproductive systems of octopus

对章鱼心血管和生殖系统活跃的肽和激素的生理生化研究

基本信息

批准号：
12640669
负责人：
MINAKATA Hiroyuki
金额：
$ 2.37万
依托单位：
Suntory Insutitute for Reserch
依托单位国家：
日本
项目类别：
Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (C)
财政年份：
2000
资助国家：
日本
起止时间：
2000 至 2001
项目状态：
已结题

项目摘要

1.Octopus cardioactive peptidesTwo peptides that showed both positive chronotropic and inotropic effects on the heart were isolated from brain extracts of Octopus minor using the systemic heart bioassay. The presence of the peptides in the systemic heart was confirmed by TOF-MS and tandem MS analysis. These peptides might be involved in excitatory control of the octopus cardiovascular system as neuropeptides and/or neurohormones.2.Octopus gonadtropin-reieasing hormone (GnRH)-like peptideA peptide with structural features similar to vertebrate GnRHs was isolated from brains of Octopus vulgaris. This peptide showed luteinizing hormone-releasing activity in quail anterior pituitary cells. The RT-PCR transcripts were expressed in the supraoesophageal and suboesophageal brains, peduncle complex, and optic gland. Immunoreactive neuronal cell bodies and fibers were observed in the subpedunculate lobe that controls the optic-gland activity. Optic gland nerves and glandular cells in the gland were immunostained. The isolated peptide may be Octopus GnRH that contributes to octopus reproduction not only as a neurohormone but also as an endocrine hormone.3.A second member of vasopressin/oxytocin (VP/OT)-superfamily peptides in OctopusOctocin was isolated as a second member of VP/UT-superfamily peptides in addition to the already known peptide, cephalotocin. The precursors of octocin and cephalotocin were highly similar to each other. The structural organizations were typical of the known VP/UT precursors : a signal sequence, a nonapeptide, and a neurophysin domain. The expressions of both peptides were different in the brain, namely, octocin was expressed mainly in the supraoesophageal lobes, which are concerned with voluntary movements, in contrast, and cephalotocin was expressed in the vasomotor lobes that send axons to the vena cava neurosecretory system.

1.章鱼心脏活性肽采用全身心脏生物测定法，从章鱼脑提取物中分离出两种对心脏具有正性变时和正性肌力作用的肽。通过TOF-MS和串联MS分析证实了全身心脏中肽的存在。这些肽可能作为神经肽和/或神经递质参与章鱼心血管系统的兴奋性控制。2.章鱼促性腺激素释放激素（GnRH）样肽从普通章鱼脑中分离到一种结构特征与脊椎动物GnRH相似的肽。该肽在鹌鹑垂体前叶细胞中表现出促黄体生成的促黄体生成素释放活性。RT-PCR转录本在食管上和食管下的大脑，脚复合体，和视腺中表达。免疫反应性神经元细胞体和纤维中观察到的subpedunculate叶，控制视腺活动。免疫组化染色可见视腺神经和腺体细胞。分离的肽可能是章鱼GnRH，其不仅作为神经激素而且作为内分泌激素促进章鱼繁殖。3.章鱼催产素中的第二个加压素/催产素（VP/OT）-超家族肽成员被分离作为除了已知肽头孢菌素之外的VP/UT-超家族肽的第二个成员。头孢菌素和头孢菌素的前体高度相似。结构组织是已知VP/UT前体的典型：信号序列，九肽和neurophysin结构域。这两种肽的表达是不同的大脑中，即，ceftocin主要是在食管上叶，这是与自愿的运动，相反，和cephalotocin表达的血管叶，发送轴突的腔静脉神经分泌系统。