A study on the life of the elderly people in urban area - Including some proposals for dwelling for longevity life -

城市老年人生活研究——含长寿居住建议——

• 批准号: 12650628
• 负责人: SAWADA Tomoko
• 金额: $ 2.24万
• 依托单位: Bunka Women's University
• 依托单位国家: 日本
• 项目类别: Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (C)
• 财政年份: 2000
• 资助国家: 日本
• 起止时间: 2000 至 2002
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://kaken.nii.ac.jp/grant/KAKENHI-PROJECT-12650628/
• 关键词: aged people; elderly people; urban area; outdoor behavior; daily life; life style

The purpose of this study is to analyze the life style of elderly people living in urban area, and also to propose some ideas for them to improve their existing surroundings. The survey was held to two types of dwellers such as living in apartment house and detached house in Tokyo metropolitan area. The results of this study including some proposals are followings.1) It was become clear that the family sizes have been recently become smaller than before and at the same time, the minimization of family size has occurred the network residence by a relative on the next -door or nearby in apartment house. In detached house there were both family type of living with old parent and young couple in the same house and the minimization of family size.2) It was confirmed that it is very advantageous for elderly and aged people to live in urban area, because of the following reasons such as easy going on their jobs at near place from their dwellings, and after retiring under the age limit, easy utilizing urban transportations, easy approaching to cultural facilities, and easy accessing to shopping.3) Elderly and aged people necessarily require public supports for physical and psychological care, especially for medical care and human relations with a neighborhood. It making environment of minus number that human relations with a neighborhood were thin in urban area. It was ascertained that medical support is important for establishing self-reliance of their lives, and it is possible to do so in urban area.4) From above mentioned analytical results, we show that it was necessary to both "height of selection nature" for life of elderly people and "substantiality of support system" for aged people in planning of residential area.

本研究的目的是分析城市老年人的生活方式，并提出一些改善老年人生活环境的建议。该调查针对的是东京都区居住在公寓和独立式住宅等两种类型的居民。本研究的结果包括以下几点建议：1）很明显，家庭规模最近变得比以前更小，同时，家庭规模的最小化已经发生了网络居住的亲戚在隔壁或附近的公寓房子。在独立式住宅中，既有与父母和年轻夫妇住在同一所房子里的家庭类型，也有家庭规模最小化的家庭类型。2）据证实，老年人和老年人住在城市地区是非常有利的，因为以下原因，如容易在离住所近的地方工作，退休后年龄限制，容易利用城市交通，3）老年人和老年人在身体和心理护理方面，特别是在医疗保健和与邻里的人际关系方面，必然需要公共支持。城市邻里关系的淡薄，使城市的环境负数化。研究结果表明，老年人的医疗保障对建立老年人生活自理能力具有重要意义，而且在城市中也是可行的。4）从上述分析结果可以看出，在居住区规划中，既要考虑老年人生活的“选择性高度”，又要考虑老年人生活的“支持系统的实质性”。