A study on the life of the elderly people in urban area - Including some proposals for dwelling for longevity life -

本研究的目的是分析居住在城市地区的老年人的生活方式，并提出一些建议，以改善他们的现有环境。该调查以东京地区公寓和独立住宅两种类型的居民为对象进行。本文的研究结果及建议如下。1)很明显，最近家庭规模比以前变小了，与此同时，家庭规模的最小化已经发生在隔壁亲戚或附近公寓的网络住宅中。在独立住宅中，老年人和年轻夫妇住在同一栋房子里，家庭规模最小。2)老年人居住在城市是非常有利的，因为他们的工作地点离住所很近，在年龄限制下退休后，容易使用城市交通工具，容易接近文化设施，容易购物。3)老年人的身心护理，特别是医疗保健和邻里关系，必然需要社会的支持。在城市地区，邻里关系淡薄，造成了一个负数的环境。已经确定，医疗支助对于建立自力更生的生活非常重要，在城市地区是可以做到这一点的。4)以上分析结果表明，住区规划既要考虑老年人生活的“选择性高度”，又要考虑老年人生活保障体系的“实质性”。

The purpose of this study is to analyze the life style of elderly people living in urban area, and also to propose some ideas for them to improve their existing surroundings. The survey was held to two types of dwellers such as living in apartment house and detached house in Tokyo metropolitan area. The results of this study including some proposals are followings.1) It was become clear that the family sizes have been recently become smaller than before and at the same time, the minimization of family size has occurred the network residence by a relative on the next -door or nearby in apartment house. In detached house there were both family type of living with old parent and young couple in the same house and the minimization of family size.2) It was confirmed that it is very advantageous for elderly and aged people to live in urban area, because of the following reasons such as easy going on their jobs at near place from their dwellings, and after retiring under the age limit, easy utilizing urban transportations, easy approaching to cultural facilities, and easy accessing to shopping.3) Elderly and aged people necessarily require public supports for physical and psychological care, especially for medical care and human relations with a neighborhood. It making environment of minus number that human relations with a neighborhood were thin in urban area. It was ascertained that medical support is important for establishing self-reliance of their lives, and it is possible to do so in urban area.4) From above mentioned analytical results, we show that it was necessary to both "height of selection nature" for life of elderly people and "substantiality of support system" for aged people in planning of residential area.