Preparation of Organic/inorganic Combined Cylindrical Nanoparticles by Surface-Modification of Surfactant Tubules.

(1)表面活性剂小管的取代型化学镀在小管的接缝处或作为小管前体的双层带边缘形成螺旋状的金纳米线。(2)通过改变小管的制备条件，可以制备各种类型的小管。根据微管类型的不同，制备的金纳米线可分为纤维型、纱线型、螺旋型、双螺旋型和多螺旋型。(3)通过有机溶剂萃取表面活性剂或对微管进行热处理，将金属纳米线从有机/无机复合聚集体中分离出来。因此，得到了纤维型、纱线型、螺旋型、双螺旋型、多螺旋型金纳米线。(4)假定Au在小管上的吸附位置为表面活性剂结构的富电子三键。用表面活性剂制备的小管没有多键，没有电镀。用导电聚合物聚苯胺制备了一个小管，成功地镀上了金。(5)对镀金的聚苯胺小管进行热处理，部分形成了细小的金纳米线。其机制目前尚不清楚。这可能成为制备细金纳米线的一种新方法。该研究也可能为聚苯胺小管的结构提供线索。

(1) A substitution-type electroless Au plating of surfactant tubules formed spiral Au nanowires along the seams of the tubules or the edges of the bilayer ribbons which are precursors of the tubules.(2) Variouis type of tubules can be parepared by varying the condition for the preparation of the tubules. The Au nanowires prepared on them were fibrous, yarn-type, spiral, double helical, multi-helical depending on the type of the tubules.(3) The metallic nanowires were separated from the organic/inorganic combined aggregates thus prepared by extraction of the surfactant with organic solvent or the heat treatment of the tubules. Therefore, fibrous, yarn-type, spiral, double helical, multi-helical Au nanowires were obtained.(4) The location of the Au adsorption on the tubule was presumed to be the electron-rich triple bond of the surfactant structure. The tubules prepared from a surfactant without multiple-bond resulted no plating. A tubule prepared from polyaniline, an electrically conducting polymer,was successfully plated with Au.(5) A heat treatment of the Au-plated tubules of polyaniline partly formed many thin Au nanowires. The mechanism is currently unknown. It may become a new method for the preparation of thin gold nanowires. The study may also provide a hint for the structure of polyaniline tubules.