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Basic Studies on Artificial Breeding of Killer Whales

虎鲸人工繁育基础研究

基本信息

批准号：
12660168
负责人：
YOSHIOKA Motoi
金额：
$ 1.15万
依托单位：
Mie University
依托单位国家：
日本
项目类别：
Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (C)
财政年份：
2000
资助国家：
日本
起止时间：
2000 至 2001
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://kaken.nii.ac.jp/grant/KAKENHI-PROJECT-12660168/
关键词：
cetaceans killer whale marine mammal artificial breeding hormone sperm ovulation induction dolphin 海産哺乳類

项目摘要

Initial research plan was much changed due to the difficulty of use in subject animals of killer whales in the aquarium during the study period, but we obtained following information as basic knowledge for the future success of artificial breeding of killer whales. That is ; l) we succeeded in the sperm freezing of the Pacific white-sided dolphin by applying straw method ; 2) the comparative analysis of sperm external morphology of ten cetacean species including the killer whale revealed that sperm of killer whale is long, and the head is widest and fan-shaped ; 3) sperm motion analysis by using Cell Soft software showed that post-thaw sperm of the bottlenose and Pacific white-sided dolphin have characteristics (motility, speed etc.) similar to those of sperm of humans and rabbits ; 4) ultrasonic diagnosis of gonads (testes and ovaries) for bottlenose dolphins and Pacific white-sided dolphins was attempted, and ovarian corpora, follicles and fetus were identified with the seasonal changes in testis size, and 5) hormonal study on corpora lutea and placenta suggested the source of progesterone secretion during pregnancy was both of ovarian corpus luteum and placenta in dolphins, and no pregnancy specific proteins were detected in serum samples and placental tissues from pregnant dolphins by electrophoreisis and hCG EIA, Serum levels of estrone sulfate in pregnant dolphins fluctuated with different patterns between species studied (striped dolphins and Dall's porpoise) and pregnancy stages (early and late).

由于在研究期间难以在水族馆中使用虎鲸的主题动物，最初的研究计划发生了很大变化，但我们获得了以下信息，作为未来成功人工繁殖虎鲸的基础知识。也就是说，（1）采用吸管法成功地冷冻了太平洋海豚的精子，（2）对包括虎鲸在内的10种鲸类精子的外部形态进行了比较分析，发现虎鲸精子长，头部宽，呈扇形;（3）精子运动分析表明，银汉豚和太平洋海豚解冻后的精子具有运动性、运动速度等特征。与人类和兔子的精子相似; 4）性腺的超声诊断（睾丸和卵巢），并根据睾丸大小的季节性变化对卵巢体、卵泡和胎儿进行了鉴定，和5）对黄体和胎盘的激素研究表明，妊娠期孕酮分泌的来源是卵巢黄体和胎盘，妊娠海豚的血清和胎盘组织中均未检测到妊娠特异性蛋白。妊娠海豚血清中硫酸雌酮的水平在不同物种（条纹海豚和达尔氏海豚）和妊娠早期（妊娠晚期）之间有不同的波动模式。