Empirical Analyses of Impacts of R&D and Environmental Factors on Agricultural Productivity in Japan, Korea, and Taiwan

本研究在2000-2002年的最后3年中，对日本、韩国和台湾地区的R&D和推广（简称R&E）以及环境因素对农业生产率的影响进行了研究。然而，人们发现，建立和更新日本农业生产数据库。因此，韩国和台湾农业的基础数据库仍在完善中，以进行与日本案例相对应的实证分析。因此，我不得不决定推迟对后两个国家的实证分析。因此，由于日本农业的数据库已经很完善，所以我将重点放在了日本的实证分析上。首先，我们分析了R&E对日本农业生产率的影响以及产出和投入空间的技术偏差。第二，研究了研究与开发、财政拨款等对农业生产率的影响。第三，基于时间序列分析，对日本农业的资本投入与生产率之间的因果关系进行了分析。我仍然无法在模型中使用环境因素获得统计上合理的结果。我需要更多的时间才能使这种分析取得成功。对于韩国和台湾地区来说，建立良好的农业R&E数据库非常困难。无论如何，由于定量研究环境因素对农业生产率的影响是非常具有挑战性的，我也将在未来继续这项研究。

I intended to study for the last three years of the 2000-2002 period the impacts of R&D and extension (R&E in short) and environmental factors on agricultural productivity in Japan, Korea, and Taiwan. However, it was found that constructing and updating the database for agricultural production for Japan. Because of this, it is still on the way to complete the basic databases for Korean and Taiwanese agriculture for empirical analyzes corresponding to Japanese case. Thus, I had to decide to postpone the empirical analyzes for the latter two countries. Instead, since I have now a good database for Japanese agriculture, I have concentrated on empirical analyzes for Japan.The research have been done in three directions. First, we analyzed the impacts of R&E on Japanese agricultural productivity and technological biases both in the output and input spaces. Second, we extended the analysis to investigate the impacts of R&E and set-aside programs on agricultural productivity- Third, we also analyzed the causality between capital investment and productivity in Japanese agriculture based on time series analysis.Unfortunately, I could not incorporate environmental factors into the analyzes in a successful fashion. I still could not obtain statistically reasonable results using environmental factors in the models. I will need more time for a successful result in such an analysis. For Korea and Taiwan, it has been very difficult to construct good databases of R&E in agriculture. In any case, since it is very much challenging to study quantitatively the effects of environmental factors on agricultural productivity, I will continue this research in the future too.