Long term effects of low carbchydrates/high fat diet on the development of diabetes mellitus in rats

目的/假设：本研究的目的是确定高脂/低碳水化合物饮食对正常大鼠2型糖尿病发病的影响。雄性Wistar今道大鼠饲喂对照（碳水化合物占60%，脂肪占15%）或HF/LC（碳水化合物占10%，脂肪占65%）饲粮17个月。腹腔葡萄糖耐量试验每2个月进行1次。实验结束时，处死大鼠，测定血浆甘油三酯、非酯化脂肪酸、高密度脂蛋白-胆固醇、总胆固醇和游离胆固醇水平。喂养2个月后，HF/LC大鼠的糖耐量下降，并伴有负荷后血浆胰岛素分泌减少。随着饲喂HF/LC日粮的时间延长至16个月，糖耐量进一步下降，胰岛素分泌受损更严重，HF/LC组18只大鼠中有16只发生糖尿病，而对照组17只大鼠中只有4只发生糖尿病。结果表明，长期饲喂HF/LC日粮可降低大鼠胰岛素分泌和胰岛素敏感性，诱发糖尿病。

Aims/hypothesis, The aim of the study was to determine the effect of high-fat/low-carbohydrate (HF/LC) diet on the onset of type 2 diabetes mellitus in normal rats.Methods. Male Wistar Imamichi rats were kept on a Control (carbohydrate 60 %, fat 15 %) or HF/LC (carbohydrate 10%, fat 65 %) diet for 17 months. Intraperitoneal glucose tolerance test was performed once every 2 months. At the end of the experiment, rats were decapitated and plasma triglyceride, non-esterified fatty acid, high density lipoprotein-Cholesterol, total and free cholesterol levels were measured.Results. Glucose tolerance was impaired after 2 months of feeding in the HF/LC rats, accompanied by decrease of the postload plasma insulin secretion and. Along with time till 16-month of HF/LC diet feeding, the glucose tolerance was further deteriorated with more serious impairment of insulin secretion, 16 of 18 rats became diabetic in HF/LC group whereas only 4 of 17 rats were diabetic in Control group.Conclusions/interpretation. Our results demonstrate that long-term HF/LC diet feeding decrease insulin secretion and sensitivity, induces diabetes mellitus in HF/LC diet feeding rats.