AN INTERVENTION TRIAL TO POSTPON AGING FOR FUNCTIONALLY COMPETENT COMMUNITY-LIVING SENIOR CITIZENS.

目的：评价改善社区生活功能正常老年人饮食习惯和营养状况的方案的可行性和有效性。设计：为期2年的社区干预。地点和方法：研究对象为居住在日本北部南盖村的65岁(男360人，女491人，平均年龄：男71.3岁，女72.0岁)的有功能的老年人。在两年期间(2000-2002年)向社区提供了正式服务(讲座和练习，主要侧重于改善饮食习惯和生活方式的其他方面)。食物频率问卷评估了该区域10种主要食物类别(肉、鱼和贝类、蛋、奶、深色蔬菜、豆制品、海藻、土豆、水果和脂肪和油)的消费变化。分别于干预前和干预后即刻测定血清白蛋白浓度。老年人与…在干预方案中，更多的人被分为参与者组(n=315)和非参与者组(n=536)。比较两组干预前后的变化，评价干预效果。结果：在75岁及以上老年人中，参与组男性的肉类消费频率显著增加(女性无变化)，而非参与者组男性的肉类消费频率无明显变化(女性显著减少)。参与组和非参与组中65岁及以上老年人的脂肪和油脂消费频率均显著降低，男女均有显著差异。65岁及以上老年人的血清白蛋白水平不变，男性和女性不受参与干预计划的影响。结论：作为正式服务提供的干预措施在改善75岁及以上有功能的社区老年人的肉类饮食习惯方面是可行的。较少

Objective : To evaluate the feasibility and effectiveness of a program to improve the dietary habits and nutritional status of functionally competent community-living senior citizens. Design : A 2-year community-based intervention. Setting and methods : The study population was a sample of functionally competent senior citizens aged >65 years(360men, 491 women, mean age : 71.3 y in men, 72.0 y in women) living in a rural area(Nangai village, Northern Japan). Formal services (lectures and practice sessions, focusing mainly on improvement of dietary habits and other aspects of lifestyle) were provided to the community over a 2-year period (2000-2002). Food frequency questionnaires assessed changes in consumption of the 10- main food groups for the region (meat, fish and shellfish, eggs, milk, dark-colored vegetables, soybean products, seaweed, potato, fruit, and fats and oils). Serum albumin concentrations were measured immediately before and after the intervention. The senior citizens w … More ere classified into a participator group (n=315) and no-participator group (n=536) in intervention programs. The intervention effects were evaluated by making a comparison between the changes in two groups. Results : On the senior citizens aged 75 years and over, The frequency of meat consumption significantly increased in men (unchanged in women) in the participator group, in contrast to the no-participator group, where the frequency of meat consumption unchanged in men (significantly decreased in women). The frequency of fat and oil consumption significantly decreased in the senior citizens aged 65 years and over in the participator and no-participator group in both sexes. The level of serum albumin unchanged in the senior citizens aged 65 years and over in men and women without regard to participation in intervention programs. Conclusions : The intervention provided as formal services was feasible in improving dietary habits of meat in functionally competent community-living senior citizens aged 75 years and over. Less