Central and Peripheral Regulation of the. Gastrointestinal Motility

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NPY and urocortin are abundantly expressed in the brain, have been implicated in the regulation of feeding and visceral functions. Since few previous studies have examined the effects of centrally administered NPY or urocortin on the physiological fed and fasted gastrointestinal motility, we administered NPY and its analogs as well as urocortin intracerebroventricularly (icv) or intravenously (iv) in freely moving conscious rats and examined the changes in antral and duodenal motility. NPY powerfully affected the contractile activity after icv administration, changing fed patterns into fasted motor patterns. This effect was mediated via receptors with pharmacological profiles similar to rat Y_2 and Y_4 receptors. Icv and iv injection of urocortin disrupted fasted motor patterns of gastroduodenal motility which were replaced by fed-like motor patterns. When urocortin was given icv and iv in the fed state of animals, the motor activity remained in the fed patterns, but % MI was decreased in the antrum yet increased in the duodenum.