The Semantics of "esse" in the late medieval philosophy

中世纪晚期哲学中“esse”的语义

• 批准号: 11610014
• 负责人: YAMAMOTO Ikuo
• 金额: $ 2.18万
• 依托单位: Kansai University
• 依托单位国家: 日本
• 项目类别: Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (C)
• 财政年份: 1999
• 资助国家: 日本
• 起止时间: 1999 至 2002
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://kaken.nii.ac.jp/grant/KAKENHI-PROJECT-11610014/
• 关键词: being (esse); medieval philosophy; semantics; nothingness; 存在; 後期中世哲学

This project is an attempt to re-examine the meaning of "esse" in Western medieval philosophical tradition from such a new viewpoint as one of the contemporary analytical ontology, the phenomenological ontology, and the cognitive semantics.Masato Kato, having analyzed relevant medieval texts and various modern studies and thus deepened his idea in discussion with some Japanese and overseas scholars, arrived at the following conclusion. The traditional ontology in the Western medieval philosophy should be re-examined in the new philosophical context after the "linguistic turn" in the 20^<th> century. This was begun by the pioneering works by P.T.Geach and A.Kenny in the 1960s. Their works have had great influences on many modern scholars, of whom T.Veres and H.Weidemann are two most important ones. Kato's "Thomas Aquinas on the Semantics of Being" argues against them and concluded that the fundamental semantic view of Aquinas is derived from the dichotomy of being found in the formulation "esse dupliciter dicitur", that is, the two semantic dimensions of being: significatum and res significata. Also his "Semantics of Being according to Henry of Ghent" made clear the fact that the focal meaning of being according to Henry of Ghent is, unlike Aquinas, the essential being rather than the existential being.Ikuo Yamamoto, having made a study on the distinction and unity of being and the problem of nothingness from the viewpoint of modern philosophy, came to the conclusion that the problem of being in modern philosophy should be developed as the distinction and unity between human being and other being against the traditional distinction "existentia" and "essentia". And he made clear the necessity to rethink about this traditional problem from the modern viewpoint.Takefumi Hayashi made an experimental research on the function of perception in the grasp of physical object from a viewpoint of cognitive psychology.

本课题试图从当代分析本体论、现象学本体论、认知语义学之一的新视角重新审视西方中世纪哲学传统中“存在”的含义。加藤正人在分析相关中世纪文本和各种现代研究的基础上，在与一些日本和海外学者的讨论中加深了自己的想法，得出了以下结论。西方中世纪哲学中的传统本体论应该在20世纪“语言转向”后的新的哲学语境中重新审视。这是由 P.T.Geach 和 A.Kenny 在 20 世纪 60 年代的开创性工作开始的。他们的著作对许多现代学者产生了巨大影响，其中最重要的两位是T.Veres和H.Weidemann。加藤的《托马斯·阿奎那论存在语义学》对此进行了反驳，并得出结论：阿奎那的基本语义观源于“esse dupliciter dicitur”表述中存在的二分法，即存在的两个语义维度：significatum和ressignificata。他的《根特的亨利的存在语义学》也明确了根特的亨利的存在的焦点意义与阿奎那不同，是本质的存在而不是存在的存在。山本郁夫从现代哲学的角度研究了存在的区别与统一以及虚无问题，得出了现代哲学中的存在问题应该发展为人与人之间的区别与统一的结论。 以及其他反对传统区别“existentia”和“essentia”的人。林武文从认知心理学的角度对知觉在物体把握中的作用进行了实验研究。

项目成果

加藤雅人: "W.Vanhamel (ed.), Henry of Ghent, Leuven U.P., 1996 (書評)"中世哲学会『中世思想研究』. 第43号. 222-225 (2001)

加藤正人：“W. Vanhamel（编），根特亨利，鲁汶大学，1996（书评）”中世纪哲学学会“中世纪思想研究”第 43 期。222-225（2001 年）。

林 武文: "到達把持動作における眼球運動の計測(共著)"JSME Dynamics & Design Conference 2002. 88-92 (2002)

Takefum​​i Hayashi：“伸手和抓握运动期间眼球运动的测量（合著者）” JSME Dynamics & Design Conference 2002. 88-92 (2002)

山本幾生: "現実性について(単著)"関西哲学会『アルケー』. 2002年号. 1-15 (2002)

山本郁夫：《论现实（单作者）》关西哲学会《Arche》2002年1-15期（2002年）。

宮本久雄ほか編, 加藤雅人(分担執筆): "岩波キリスト教辞典(辞典項目)"岩波書店(予定). (2002)

宫本久夫等编、加藤正人（合着）：《岩波基督教词典（词典项目）》岩波书店（计划）（2002年）。

M. Kato, ed. By Institute of Medieval Thought, Sophia Univ.: "Gile of Rome and Godfrey of Fountaine: the Distinction between Being and Essence, in The Foundation of Modern Philosophy in the 14^<th> century"Institute of Medieval Thought, Sophia Univ. (in p

M.加藤，编辑。