Qantification of the metamorphopsia

在黄斑病患者中，视力障碍和中枢暗点是常见的症状。视变形也是评价其视功能最重要的症状之一。然而，视觉变形的程度很难定量地评估。在视觉变形患者中，投射到视网膜上的一条直线被认为是一条不规则或曲线。当使用虚线并且网点间隔从精细变为粗略时，变形视差减小并最终消失。基于这一现象，我们开发了一种新的变形视图(M-charts^&lt；TM&gt；)。我们还将这些虚线显示在高分辨率CRT显示器上，用于低视力患者。我们将这种方法应用于正常受试者和因视网膜前膜(ERM)、黄斑裂孔、中心性浆液性视网膜病变和年龄相关性黄斑变性而导致的视物变性患者。我们将视力变形评分与眼底照片和扫描激光眼底镜(SLO)的图像进行比较。We a…更多的LSO使用M-charts对正常人、ERM、中心性浆液性视网膜病变和老年性黄斑变性患者的视物变性评分的重复性进行了评估。每只眼重复3次M图检查，视力变形评分重复性好，可供临床使用。在ERM患者中，晚期ERM患者的水平虚线得分大于垂直线得分。我们使用M图研究了ERM收缩与视变形评分之间的关系。视网膜收缩的方向与视变形的方向有一定的关系。黄斑裂孔患者的视力变形评分与黄斑裂孔直径无关，而与液体袖套直径有关。使用CRT显示器，变形视力评分与M图几乎相同。我们能够在CRT显示器上显示更大和更高的收缩刺激，这对于视力低于0.1的低视力患者是有用的。综上所述，M-charts是一种简单有效的方法来检测和随访黄斑疾病患者的视变形。较少

In patients with macula disease, visual disturbance and central scotoma are common symptoms. Metamorphopsia is also one of the most important symptoms for evaluating their visual functions. However, it was difficult to evaluate the degree of metamorphopsia quantitatively.In patients with metamorphopsia, a straight line projected onto the retina is recognized as an irregular or curved line. When a dotted line is used and the dot interval changes from fine to coarse, metamorphopsia decreases and finally disappears. Based on this phenomenon, we developed a new metamorphopsia chart (M-CHARTS^<TM>). We also displayed these dotted lines on a high resolution CRT monitor for low vision patients.We applied this method to normal subjects and patients with metamorphopsia due to epiretinal membranes (ERM), macula holes, central serous retinopathy and age-related macular degeneration. We compared the metamorphopsia scores to fundus photographs and images of scanning laser ophthalmoscope (SLO). We a … More lso evaluated the reproducibility of the metamorphopsia scores using M-CHARTS^<TM> in normal subjects and the patients with ERM, central serous retinopathy and age-related macular degeneration. The examinations of M-CHARTS^<TM> were repeated 3 times for each eye.The reproducibility of the metamorphopsia scores was sufficient for clinical use. In patients with ERM, the scores obtained from the horizontal dotted lines were larger than those of the vertical lines in advanced stages of ERM. We investigated the relationship between the contraction of ERM and metamorphopsia scores using M-CHARTS^<TM> . There was a relationship between the direction of the retinal contractions and the direction of the metamorphopsia. In patient with macula hole, there was a relationship between the metamorphopsia scores and the diameter of the fluid cuff rather than the diameter of the macular hole. Using the CRT monitor, the metamorphopsia scores were almost same as the M-CHARTS^<TM> . We were able to display larger and higher contraction stimulus on the CRT monitor, which was useful for low vision patients whose visual acuity were less than 0.1.In conclusion, M-CHARTS^<TM> is a simple and useful method for the detection and follow-up of the metamorphopsia in patients with macular disease. Less