Analysis of molecular biology in growth snd invasion of oral squamous cell carcinoma

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Disruption of the homeostatic balance between proliferation and apoptosis is widely believed to contribute to human oral carcinogenesis. Recently, p12doc-1 is a growth suppressor that negatively regulates cyclin-dependent kinase 2 (CDK 2) activities. Expression of p2ldoc-l is reduced and /or lost in tumor tissue.Using the Syrian hamster oral cancer model, we examined normal, hyperplastic, dysplastic and malignant oral epithelium for the fraction of apoptotic, proliferating and p21doc-1 expressing keratinocytes using TUNEL assay, as well as PCNA and p21doc-1 immunostaing, respectively. The percentage of TUNEL positive cells progressively increased from normal to dysplastic cells increased progressively through hamster oral malignant progression. The overall ratio of apoptotic to proliferating keratinocyte remains similar until the transition between dysplastic and malignant epithelium, where the ratio is markedly reduced. P21doc-1 labeling demonstrated a similar expression pattern. This study demonstrates that the apoptosis, proliferation and expression of p21doc-1 reflect alterations reported during human oral carcinogenesis.