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An International Comparison of the Gain of Home Health Care in Japan, China and USA

日本、中国和美国家庭医疗保健收益的国际比较

基本信息

批准号：
12672276
负责人：
NOMOTO Hisa
金额：
$ 1.47万
依托单位：
Ehime University
依托单位国家：
日本
项目类别：
Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (C)
财政年份：
2000
资助国家：
日本
起止时间：
2000 至 2002
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://kaken.nii.ac.jp/grant/KAKENHI-PROJECT-12672276/
关键词：
care gain international comparison family care burden coping process life satisfaction サポートシステム老親扶養

项目摘要

Background : The purpose of this study is to clarify the actual condition of home health care in Japan, China and USA, and to examine the gain of caregivers from a care-affirmative point of view.Targets and Methods : The study involved 215 groups of the elderly in need of home care and their family caregivers in Japan, China and USA. Interviews using questionnaires were performed to investigate the actual condition of their home care and their psychological and social condition concerning home care. All groups provided informed consent for the purpose of the study, their privacy guarantee and participation in the study.Results : As for the gender of the family caregivers, all in Japan, China and USA, female caregivers were more than those of male, and the ratio of male to female were higher in China compared with the other two countries.China also had more caregivers in the family and better family condition than Japan and USA. USA had the highest average age of the elderly as well as caregivers. Japan had the worst physical condition of the elderly and caregivers and the longest care period. As for caregiver's coping process, remedial skills were mainly used in China and USA : cognitive and remedial skills, in Japan. Caregiver's life satisfaction in each country generally went less owing to caregiving life, bat there were some whose life satisfaction stayed same before and after their caregiving lives. Both in Japan and China, "whether they have their own free time or not" was a common factor affecting their life satisfaction. "Care-affirmative feeling" was also another factor in China.

背景：本研究的目的是厘清日本、中国和美国家庭保健的实际情况，并从护理肯定的角度考察照顾者的收益。研究对象与方法：研究对象为来自日本、中国和美国的215组需要居家护理的老年人及其家庭照顾者。采用问卷调查的方式进行访谈，了解其居家照护的实际情况及对居家照护的心理和社会状况。所有受试者都对研究的目的提供了知情同意，他们的隐私保证和参与研究。结果：在家庭照顾者的性别方面，日本、中国和美国女性照顾者均多于男性，且中国的男女比例高于其他两个国家。与日本和美国相比，中国家庭中有更多的照顾者，家庭条件也更好。美国老年人和照顾者的平均年龄最高。日本的老人和照顾者的身体状况最差，照顾时间最长。对于照顾者的应对过程，中国和美国主要采用补救技能；日本主要采用认知技能和补救技能。各国照顾者的生活满意度普遍因照顾生活而下降，但也有一些人在照顾生活前后的生活满意度保持不变。在日本和中国，“是否有自己的空闲时间”是影响他们生活满意度的常见因素。在中国，“关心肯定的感觉”也是另一个因素。