Research on work formation of public health nurses in municipalities and prefectures : developing community health nursing

市州公共卫生护士工作构成研究：发展社区卫生护理

• 批准号: 12672289
• 负责人: TSUMURA Chieko
• 金额: $ 1.92万
• 依托单位: Osaka Prefecture College of Nursing
• 依托单位国家: 日本
• 项目类别: Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (C)
• 财政年份: 2000
• 资助国家: 日本
• 起止时间: 2000 至 2001
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://kaken.nii.ac.jp/grant/KAKENHI-PROJECT-12672289/
• 关键词: public health nurse activities; municipalities ＆ prefectures; form of activity; decision making structure; population size; idiosyncrasy in community; 意思決定組織; 保健婦・士活動; 保健所・市町村; 事業活動形態別; 意志決定組織別; 地域特性別

Two-year study on health undertaking in 18 municipalities in Osaka and neibouring prefectures reveals that increase in the number of public health nurses who work in the care insurance system. However, no increase in the number of public health nurses who work in the usual community health nursing section. The public health nursing structure in municipalities has changed to business responsibility structure or the mixed business responsibility with district responsibility structure from district responsibility structure. Such a change has affected home visiting activities. Municipalities whose activity structure is the mixed business responsibility with district responsibility structure show the increase in the number of home visits and devised how to work. In small population size municipalities, public health nurses feel difficulties to word in introducing the business responsibility structure. Also, the business responsibility structure causes incapability of district diagnosis due to unconcern to work which nurses do no have initial responsibilities. If, in a municipal, a public health nurse is in the managerial position and he/she carries out beget of community health nursing, public health nurses in the section positively work, set up new projects and easily participate in the outside training at public expenses. The contents of work of public health nurses in the care insurance section varies but many of them do a lot of clerical work compared to the ones in a community health nursing section. Motivation of a change from usual community health nursing section to the care insurance section is very important nurses・ eagerness after a change.

对大阪和邻县18个市进行的为期两年的保健工作研究表明，在护理保险系统工作的公共卫生护士人数有所增加。然而，在通常的社区卫生护理科工作的公共卫生护士的人数没有增加。直辖市的公共卫生护理结构已由地区责任结构转变为业务责任结构或业务责任与地区责任结构相混合的结构。这样的变化影响了家访活动。活动结构为商业责任与地区责任混合结构的城市，家访次数有所增加，并制定了工作方法。在人口规模较小的城市，公共卫生护士在介绍业务责任结构时感到困难。此外，业务责任结构导致护士对没有初始责任的工作漠不关心，无法进行区域诊断。在市级公共卫生护士担任管理职务并开展社区卫生护理工作的情况下，科室公共卫生护士积极开展工作，建立新的项目，方便地参加公费外出培训。护理保险部门的公共卫生护士的工作内容各不相同，但与社区卫生护理部门的工作相比，他们中的许多人做了大量的文书工作。护士从平时的社区卫生护理科室向护理保险科室转变的动因是护士转变后的热忱。