REARCH ON COMMUNITY HEALTH DIAGNOSIS BY PUBLIC HEALTH NURSE

1998年，我们对京都地区1400名20岁以上居民的身心健康状况、社会健康状况及生活方式结构进行了调查。2000年12月至2001年4月，我们采用半结构式问卷对该地区20岁以上居民的健康状况进行了访谈调查。通过对现有调查方法的分析、问卷调查和访谈调查的比较，提出了以下3点研究方法的优缺点：(1)对现有调查方法的分析有助于了解社区的概况，但在了解健康与生活方式之间的关系方面存在不足；(2)问卷调查在总结生活方式信息方面有优点，但在提供详细的信息、提供更多的信息方面存在不足(3)访谈调查在了解居民之间的感情和关系方面有优点，但也有缺点和个人特点。结论：综合运用现有资料分析、问卷调查和访谈调查三种方法，需要进行社区诊断才能全面了解情况。

WE STUDIED THE PHYSICAL, MENTAL AND SOCIAL HEALTH STATUS, AND STRUCTURE OF LIFE STYLES AMONG 1,400 RESIDENTS OVER 20 YEARS OLD LIVING IN KYOTO PREFECTURE IN 1998.BETWEEN DECEMBER 2000 AND APRIL 2001, WE INVESTIGATED THE HEALTH STATUS OF THESE RESIDENTS BY INTERVIEW USING A SEMI STRUCTURAL QUESTIONNAIRE.THIS REPORT SUGGESTED THE FOLLOWING 3 POINTS REGARDING THE MERITS AND DEMERITS OF RESEARCH METHODS COMPARING THE ANALYSIS OF EXISTING MENTERIAL, QUESTIONNAIRE SURVEY AND INTERVIEW SURVEY, (1) ANALYSIS OF EXISTING METERIAL HAS MERITS IN UNDERSTANDING THE OUTLINE OF COMMUNITY, BUT DEMERITS IN UNDERSTANDING THE RELATI0NSHIP BETWEEN HEALTH AND LIFE STYLES, (2) THE QUESTIONNAIRE SURVEY HAS MERITS IN SUMMARIZING LIFE STYLE INFORMATION, BUT DEMERITS IN PROVIDING DETAILED INFORMATION, (3) THE INTERVIEW SURVEY HAS MERITS IN UNDERSTANDING FEELINGS AND RELATIONSHIPS AMONG THE RESIDENTS, BUT DEMERITS IN BAIS AND INDIVIDUALITY OF THE ANSERERS.IN CONCLUSION, A COMMUNITY DIAGNOSIS IS REQUIRED FOR COMPREHENSIVE UNDERSTANDING USING ALL THESE THREE METHODS CONSISTING OF ANALYSIS OF EXISTING METERIAL, QUESTIONNAIRE SURVEY AND THE INTERVIEW SURVEY.