Development of a Discussion Support Model by Situation Theoiy and Application to Computer Supported Corroborative Learning Environments

情境理论中的一个重要问题是如何在情境之间产生约束，也就是知识获取问题。另一方面，在逻辑领域，类比已经被形式化地定义，并被用作一种知识获取的方法。我们试图将一种通过类比来获取知识的方法应用于情景理论。在本研究中，我们根据情境理论提出了类比的说明性标准。在此基础上，提出了一种从类比反例中获取未知知识的方法，并在计算机辅助教学领域进行了大量的研究工作。尤其是近几年来，计算机支持的合作学习(CSCL)引起了人们的极大兴趣。计算机支持的合作学习是指在计算机支持的环境下，两个或两个以上的学习者协同学习某一学科。在协作团队支持系统中，为学习者提供有效的交流手段是不可或缺的。一些基于CSCL概念的学习支持系统已经被开发出来，但它们依赖于学习者的静态群体形成。因此，我们不能期望合作学习的原创性效果，即学习者能够适应自然的、动态的小组形成，并能够在学习者之间学习策略，而这些策略通常在现实世界中存在。本研究的目标是开发一个更强大的合作团队支持系统，使学习者能够动态地组建小组，并通过与小组成员及其个人小组系统的自由互动进行学习。在本研究中，作为这一目的的第一步，我们提出了一个描述学习者在真实学习环境中的涌现适应行为和群体形成过程的群体自组织模型。在此基础上，我们尝试设计了一个新的合作学习支持系统。

One of the important issues in the situation theory is how to generate constraints among situations, in other words, knowledge acquisition problem. In the logic field, on the other hand, analogies have been defined formally and used as a method of knowledge acquisition. We try to apply a method of knowledge acquisition through analogies to the situation theory. In this study, we formafee illustrative criterions of analogies in terms of the situation theory. And then, we propose a method of acquiring unknown knowledge from counterexamples of analogies.On the other hand, there have been made many research activities in CAI field. Especially in recent years, strong interests are focused on CSCL(Computer Supported Cooperate Learning) where two or more learners in a group leam about some subjects cooperatively under computer supported environment. In cooperative teaming support systems, it is said to be indispensable to provide effective communication means among learners. Several learning support systems based on CSCL concept have been developed, but they depend on static group formations of learners. Therefore, we cannot expect original effects of cooperative learning, which learners can adapt themselves to natural and dynamic group formations, and can study strategy among learners wfiich are found usually in the real world. The goal of this study is to develop a more powerful cooperative teaming support system which enable learners to form groups dynamically and to leam through free interaction with group members as well as with their personal teaming system. In this study, as the first step for this purpose, we propose a group self-organfeation model that describes emergent-adaptable behavior of learners and group formation processes in the real learning environment. Moreover, we try to design a new cooperative learning support system based on this model.