权益分类	功能权益	普通用户	{{item.name}}会员
{{category.name}}	{{benefitItem.name}}

A study on enrichment and volume reduction of tritiated water in a fusion reactor using photocatalysis

聚变反应堆中氚化水光催化富集减容研究

基本信息

批准号：
12680493
负责人：
FUKADA Satoshi
金额：
$ 1.66万
依托单位：
Kyushu University
依托单位国家：
日本
项目类别：
Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (C)
财政年份：
2000
资助国家：
日本
起止时间：
2000 至 2001
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://kaken.nii.ac.jp/grant/KAKENHI-PROJECT-12680493/
关键词：
tritium water photo catallysis titanium oxide fusion reactor ultraviolet light distillation 無電解メッキ蒸留法

项目摘要

It is important to establish a safety process of enrichment or volume reduction of tritiated water for promoting safety of a fusion reactor and public acceptance.Tentative storage of tritium water in a vessel is not final measures. Water distillation needs a large energy and has an economical problem. Titanium oxide (anatase) of photocatalysis is expected to decompose air pollutantor to dissociate water into hydrogen and oxygen. Since there may be a small difference in dissociation energy between light water and heavy or tritiated water, enrichment of tritium in waste water expected to be exhausted from a fusion reactor was experimentally investigated by using a photocatalysis.In the first year of the present research, we manufactured photocatalyses by means of nonelectrolysis gilding under different conditions of temperature and concentration. The catalysis was manufactured by plating nickel oxide on titanium oxide.Then the photocatalysis dipped in water in a glass cell was put undera … More n ultraviolet light from a xenon lamp. Part of tritiated water dissociated to hydrogen and oxygen on the anatase photocatalysis, and they recombined on nickel oxide. A difference in rate of dissociation and recombination between tritiated water and light water brought a certain enrichment of tritium in non-dissociated water. Since a key to enrich tritiated water by photocatalysis is to manufacture a high-efficient catalyst, many catalyses were tested under various plating conditions. Although.titanium oxides and nickel oxides were working, the yield was comparatively small.So, in the second year of the present research, another nonelectrolysis gilding in palladium chloride.solution was tested. Tritium enrichment by anatase-palladium catalysis was investigated under ultraviolet light. The yield increased and the isotope separation factor was around 1.1. In order to apply the present method to industrial scale it is necessary to make contact well among solid (catalysis), liquid (water) and gas (vapor, hydrogen and oxygen). A trickle bed system was found to be optimum for maintaining the good contact. It was concluded that the trickle system should be investigated in the next study. Part of the results was presented in scientific journals and the rest will be presented in the near future. Less

为了提高聚变反应堆的安全性和公众的接受度，建立一个安全的氚水浓缩或减容工艺是很重要的，氚水的临时贮存不是最终措施。水蒸馏需要大量的能量并且具有经济问题。氧化钛（TiO_2）具有分解空气污染物或分解水为氢和氧的作用.由于轻水和重水或氚化水之间的离解能可能存在很小的差异，因此，我们用一个实验装置对聚变反应堆排放的废水中氚的富集进行了实验研究。在本研究的第一年，我们在不同的温度和浓度条件下，通过非电解镀金法制备了光催化剂。催化剂是在氧化钛上镀上氧化镍制成的，然后将浸渍在水中的催化剂置于玻璃池中， ...更多信息氙灯的紫外线。部分氚化水在氧化物表面分解为氢和氧，并在氧化镍表面重新结合。氚化水与轻水在解离和复合速率上的差异使氚在非解离水中有一定的富集。由于氚水富集的关键是制备高效催化剂，因此在各种镀覆条件下测试了多种催化剂。二氧化钛和氧化镍虽然也有效果，但产量比较小，因此，在本研究的第二年，又进行了氯化钯溶液非电解镀金试验。在紫外光下研究了锐钛矿-钯催化富集氚。产率增加，同位素分离因子约为1.1。为了将本方法应用于工业规模，必须使固体（催化剂）、液体（水）和气体（蒸汽、氢气和氧气）之间良好接触。滴流床系统被认为是最佳的保持良好的接触。因此，在今后的研究中，应重点研究滴流系统。部分研究结果发表在科学期刊上，其余的将在不久的将来发表。少