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Degradation and Recycling of Waste Plastics and Polychlorinated Biphenyls Using Copper Oxides and Aqueous Alkaline Solution

氧化铜和碱性水溶液降解回收废塑料和多氯联苯

基本信息

批准号：
12680561
负责人：
AKIYAMA Fuminori
金额：
$ 2.5万
依托单位：
Tohoku University
依托单位国家：
日本
项目类别：
Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (C)
财政年份：
2000
资助国家：
日本
起止时间：
2000 至 2001
项目状态：
已结题

项目摘要

1. Degradation a and Recycling of Waste PlasticsSince Degradation a of polyethylene or polyethylene terephthalate using a mixture of copper(II) oxide and aqueueous potassium carbonate solution was conducted and it was revealed that the reactions gave a mixture of hydrocarbons in the yields of 1.3 and 22.4 %, respectively, which were lower than the yields obtained by other methods. Therefore, this degradation method was applied to degradation of poly(vinyl chloride), (PVC) following observation being obtained.(1) Degradation of PVC wtiht aqueous potassium carbonate solution at 500 ℃ gave a mixture of hydrocarbons in the yields of 15 %.(2) Addition of copper(II) oxide to above stated reaction mixture brought about an increase of the yield of benzene, yield of benzene being 12 %.(3) Degradation of chars formed from a mixture of PVC and PEG by the present method gave a mixture of hydrocarbons containing lower amounts of benzene.(4) Main reaction product of the present degradation reaction of PVC is water soluble potassium salts of carbon oxides K_xC_yO_γ. Since chlorine atom of PVC was quantitatively converted to potassium chloride, the present method is considered to be good method for conversion of PVC to harmless materials.2. Degradation and Recycling of Polychlorinated BiphenylsDegradation of 4-chlorobiphenyls as a model compound of polychlorobiphenyls (PCB) using potassium carbonate in supercritical water was conducted and following observation were obtained.(1) Biphenylol, benzen, toluene, methane, and ≧C_2 aliphatic hydrocarbons were obtained.(2) Addition of copper(II) oxide brought about an increase of benzene yields(3) Carbon dioxide HCO_3 were obtained as inorganic compounds.(4) Water soluble compounds were obtained.(5) Since chlorine atom was quantitatively converted to potassium chloride, this method is considered to be good method of conversion of PCB to harmless compounds.

1. 废塑料的降解和回收利用利用氧化铜和碳酸钾水溶液对聚乙烯和聚对苯二甲酸乙二醇酯进行了降解，结果表明，反应生成的碳氢化合物的收率分别为1.3%和22.4%，低于其他方法的收率。因此，将该降解方法应用于聚氯乙烯（PVC）的降解，得到了以下观察结果。(1)用碳酸钾水溶液在500℃下降解PVC，得到产率为15%的混合烃。(2)在上述反应混合物中加入氧化铜可提高苯的收率，苯的收率可达12%。(3)用本方法降解由PVC和PEG混合物形成的焦炭，得到含苯量较低的碳氢化合物混合物。(4)目前PVC降解反应的主要反应产物是碳氧化物K_xC_yO_γ水溶性钾盐。由于PVC中的氯原子被定量地转化为氯化钾，因此本方法被认为是将PVC转化为无害材料的好方法。多氯联苯的降解与循环利用采用碳酸钾在超临界水中降解多氯联苯（PCB）模型化合物4-氯联苯，得到了以下观察结果。(1)得到联苯、苯、甲苯、甲烷和≧C_2脂肪烃。(2)氧化铜的加入提高了苯的产率(3)得到了co2和HCO_3为无机化合物。(4)水溶性化合物。(5)由于氯原子被定量地转化为氯化钾，该方法被认为是将多氯联苯转化为无害化合物的良好方法。