Pilot Study on Optimal Design and Management of Small-Scale Irrigation Scheme with Rainwater Harvesting -Constructing a Pilot Scheme in Ghana/West Africa-
雨水收集小型灌溉方案优化设计和管理试点研究 - 在加纳/西非建设试点方案 -
基本信息
- 批准号:13306018
- 负责人:
- 金额:$ 39.44万
- 依托单位:
- 依托单位国家:日本
- 项目类别:Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (A)
- 财政年份:2001
- 资助国家:日本
- 起止时间:2001 至 2004
- 项目状态:已结题
- 来源:
- 关键词:
项目摘要
Water as a limiting factor in agricultural production in semi-arid Savannah could be developed on a small scale by constructing self-reliant irrigation tanks (micro-dams) that directly harvest and store rainwater from prepared catchment, having less impact on the environment. The tank could also be a core of village-level rural community to encourage agricultural activities as well as farmers' communication. The objective of the study is to build a micro-dam at a pilot site in Ghana, discuss optimal planning, design and management of the rainwater harvesting system for developing a decentralized small-scale irrigation scheme and experimentally evaluate the efficacy of the irrigation tank for agricultural production. Climatic properties of the site were analyzed using meteorological data automatically recorded by a weather robot installed at the site. For analyzing run-off from the catchment area with the aid of GIS (Geological Information System), an innovative 2-D run-off model was de … More veloped using the finite-volume method. Design practice for constructing the scheme consisting of micro-dam, water conveyance channel and farm land was made meticulously considering the results from these analyses and the in-site topographical and geotechnical surveys. It was found that a micro-dam of high technical level and long life span (100-year flood discharge was considered for spillway design), which cannot be found currently in developing counties such as Ghana, could relatively inexpensively be built if design requirements and construction quality are relaxed to their marginal limits and the process of micro-dam construction would appropriately be supervised. Considering that a gravity-fed water-saving supplemental irrigation, an adaptive water supply subject to soil moisture content in the farm land, is the best, a sophisticated numerical model was developed that can evaluate its effectiveness in terms of water management and water use efficiency and quantify the efficacy of the irrigation tank for agricultural production. Currently field observations for maize growing in the pilot farm land are continued. Through comprehensively analyzing the results obtained, the efficacy of the irrigation tank for agricultural production will be evaluated. Less
在半干旱的萨凡纳,水是农业生产的一个限制因素,可以通过建造自给自足的灌溉罐(微型水坝)来小规模开发,这些灌溉罐直接从准备好的集水区收集和储存雨水,对环境的影响较小。水箱也可以成为村级农村社区的核心,以鼓励农业活动以及农民的交流。这项研究的目的是在加纳的一个试验地点建造一个微型水坝,讨论雨水收集系统的最佳规划、设计和管理,以制定一个分散的小规模灌溉计划,并通过实验评估灌溉水箱对农业生产的功效。使用安装在现场的气象机器人自动记录的气象数据分析了现场的气候特性。为了在GIS(Geological Information System)的支持下分析流域径流,建立了流域二维径流模型 ...更多信息 用有限体积法求解。在此基础上,结合现场地形和岩土工程勘察结果,进行了微型坝、输水渠道和农田的设计实践。人们发现,如果设计要求和施工质量放宽到最低限度,并适当监督微型坝的施工过程,就可以相对便宜地建造技术水平高、寿命长的微型坝(溢洪道设计考虑了100年的洪水排放),而目前在加纳等发展中国家还找不到这种微型坝。考虑到重力供水节水补充灌溉是最好的,一个复杂的数值模型,可以评估其有效性方面的水管理和水利用效率和量化的灌溉水箱的农业生产的功效。目前正在继续对试验农场土地上的玉米生长进行实地观察。通过对试验结果的综合分析,评价了该灌溉槽在农业生产中的作用。少
项目成果
期刊论文数量(21)
专著数量(0)
科研奖励数量(0)
会议论文数量(0)
专利数量(0)
Optimal Control of Interconnected Irrigation Tanks System
互连灌溉水箱系统的优化控制
- DOI:
- 发表时间:2003
- 期刊:
- 影响因子:0
- 作者:Unami;K.;S.Kurata;T.Kawachi;K.Morishita
- 通讯作者:K.Morishita
宇波耕一, 河地利彦, 青山咸康: "乾季における小規模ため池かんがいシステムの最適水管理"平成14年度農業土木学会大会講演会講演要旨集. 100-101 (2002)
Koichi Unami、Toshihiko Kawachi、Hamayasu Aoyama:“旱季小型水库灌溉系统的最佳水管理”2002 年日本农业和土木工程师学会会议摘要 100-101 (2002)。
- DOI:
- 发表时间:
- 期刊:
- 影响因子:0
- 作者:
- 通讯作者:
Hybrid Runoff Model Using 1-D Richards Equation and Liner Output Generator
使用一维理查兹方程和线性输出生成器的混合径流模型
- DOI:
- 发表时间:2004
- 期刊:
- 影响因子:0
- 作者:Xu;Y-Q;K.Unami;T.Kawachi;S.Yoshimoto
- 通讯作者:S.Yoshimoto
Macarius, Y., T.Kawachi, K.Unami, S.G.K.Adiku, F.Mawunya, S.Quashie: "Comparison of Rainfed and Potential Yields of Maize and Cowpea on the Vertisols of Ghana"Journal of Rainwater Catchment Systems. Vol.9/No.1. 7-12 (2003)
Macarius,Y.,T.Kawachi,K.Unami,S.G.K.Adiku,F.Mawunya,S.Quashie:“加纳变土上玉米和豇豆的雨养和潜在产量的比较”雨水集水系统杂志。
- DOI:
- 发表时间:
- 期刊:
- 影响因子:0
- 作者:
- 通讯作者:
Comparison of Rainfed and Potential Yields of Maize and Cowpea on the Vertisols of Ghana
加纳变性土上玉米和豇豆的雨养产量和潜在产量比较
- DOI:
- 发表时间:2003
- 期刊:
- 影响因子:0
- 作者:Macarius;Y.;T.Kawachi;K.Unami;S.G.K.Adiku;F.Mawunya;S.Quashie
- 通讯作者:S.Quashie
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KAWACHI Toshihiko其他文献
消滅集落の分布について戦後日本における消滅集落発生過程に関する研究 その1
消失村庄的分布研究:战后日本消失村庄的生成过程研究(一)
- DOI:
- 发表时间:
2003 - 期刊:
- 影响因子:0
- 作者:
HIRAMATSU Ken;SATO Akihiko;KAWACHI Toshihiko;ITAGAKI Hiroshi;金木 健 - 通讯作者:
金木 健
KAWACHI Toshihiko的其他文献
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{{ truncateString('KAWACHI Toshihiko', 18)}}的其他基金
Hydro-environmental Modeling and Optimal Controlling of Regional Water Networks
区域水网水文环境模拟与优化控制
- 批准号:
17208021 - 财政年份:2005
- 资助金额:
$ 39.44万 - 项目类别:
Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (A)
Contemporary Aspects of Irrigation Tanks, and Management and Conservation Strategies for their Wise-use
灌溉水箱的当代问题及其合理使用的管理和保护策略
- 批准号:
12556037 - 财政年份:2000
- 资助金额:
$ 39.44万 - 项目类别:
Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (B)
Optimal Water Pollution Control in River Streams
河流水污染优化控制
- 批准号:
08660291 - 财政年份:1996
- 资助金额:
$ 39.44万 - 项目类别:
Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (C)
Numerical Modelling of Water Quality Environment in Coastal and Estuarine Waters
近岸及河口水域水质环境数值模拟
- 批准号:
05452325 - 财政年份:1993
- 资助金额:
$ 39.44万 - 项目类别:
Grant-in-Aid for General Scientific Research (B)