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Optimal Water Pollution Control in River Streams

河流水污染优化控制

基本信息

批准号：
08660291
负责人：
KAWACHI Toshihiko
金额：
$ 1.54万
依托单位：
KYOTO UNIVERSITY
依托单位国家：
日本
项目类别：
Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (C)
财政年份：
1996
资助国家：
日本
起止时间：
1996 至 1998
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://kaken.nii.ac.jp/grant/KAKENHI-PROJECT-08660291/
关键词：
River water quality Environmental management Optimal control Linear Programming Robust optimization Finite Element method 線形計画法河川環境水質管理

项目摘要

Different two simulation/optimization models useful for conservation of water quality in river streams have been developed that can provide optimal strategies for controlling pollutant loads from point sources along the stream. One is a deterministic optimization model that can be regarded as a linear programming problem, while the other is a stochastic optimization model (robust optimization model) that considers uncertainties of the parameters involved in the mathematical formulation of the problem. The results are summarized in terms of the characteristics of the models as follows.Taking into account the dynamics of water motion and water quality as equality constraints in the optimization process, both of the models developed are capable of determining allowable maximum pollutant loads and their spatial allocation along the streams under the constraints of the water quality standards or targeted water qualities given for BOD and DO.In order to enhance the versatility of the models, the finite element method is employed to cast the flow and transport (BOD and DO) equations of partial differential form into the equality constraints of algebraic form.The deterministic model is applicable to the complex looped and/or braided network streams with junctions, and enables determination of the allowable maximum amount of pollutants loaded from multiple point sources as well as its optimal allocation to each of these sources.The stochastic (robust) model can reflect uncertainties of the parameters such as river discharge, water depth, cross-sectional area, water temperature, wind speed and salinity to the solution of optimization, thus providing some feasible solutions. It is therefore useful for making up some alternative strategies for stream water quality management from which decision makers can select an efficacious one.

两种不同的模拟/优化模型可用于河流水质的保护，它们可以提供控制沿河流点源污染物负荷的最佳策略。一种是确定性优化模型，可视为线性规划问题；另一种是随机优化模型（鲁棒优化模型），考虑了问题数学公式中所涉及的参数的不确定性。结果根据模型的特点总结如下：在优化过程中，考虑了水的运动动态和水质作为平等约束，所建立的两种模型都能够在给定BOD和DO的水质标准或目标水质约束下，确定允许的最大污染物负荷及其沿溪流的空间分配。为了增强模型的通用性，采用有限元方法将偏微分形式的流动和输运（BOD和DO）方程转化为代数形式的等式约束。确定性模型适用于具有结点的复杂环状和/或编织网络流，并能够确定从多个点源加载的污染物的允许最大数量以及对每个点源的最佳分配。随机（鲁棒）模型可以将河流流量、水深、横截面积、水温、风速、盐度等参数的不确定性反映到优化解中，从而提供一些可行的解。因此，它有助于制定一些可供选择的河流水质管理策略，决策者可以从中选择一个有效的策略。