ARTIFICIAL EXTRACELLULAR MATRIX MADE OF ALGINATE

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In this research, we aimed to develop an artificial extracellular matrix for tissue and organ repair, mimicking the molecular structure and functions of the extracellular matrix in multi cellular organisms.1.Bone repair by the alginate artificial extracellular matrixA novel bone-forming peptide (BFP) designed based on the structure of BMP-2 bound to cell surface receptor, increased ALP activity, and increased expression of osteocalcin of bone precursor cells. ABFP-alginate gel conjugate induced ectopic bone formation when it was implanted into the rat calf muscle, and also showed accelerated bone repair in the rabbit ulnar defects with 25mm length after 9-weeks implantation.2.Slow release of heparin-binding growth factors from heparin/alginate artificial extracellular matrixWe showed sustained release of the heparin-binding growth factors, such as bFGF, HGF, VEGF, and so on, from a novel heparin/alginate artificial extracellular matrix. In animal experiments, the material increased rep … More air of blood vessels, skins, nerves, and kidney.3.Cell-death controlling materialWe create novel cell death-inhibiting peptides based on the structural homology of the death ligand family, TNFα FasL, and TRAIL. The TNFα-inhibiting peptide *owed marked cell survival and differentiation of hippocampal neural stem cells to neuronal cells. The peptide showed also differentiation of bone marrow stromal cells to neuronal cells.4.Apatite-alginate gel 3D-hybridIntroduction of silanol groups into alginate gave 3D apatite-alginate hybrid using biomimetic process. This hybrid material accelerated repair of rat tibial bone defects.ConclusionThe alginate artificial extracellular mix revealed to act as a cell scaffold, to stabilize and release of growth factors, and to control cell growth, differentiation and death. Based on these functions of the alginate artificial extracellular matrix we developed useful materials for the repair of bone, nerve, skin, blood vessels, and kidney. Further investigation will make the alginate artificial extracellular matrix to make useful materials for tissue engineering and regenerative medicine. Less