Creation of the "Public Space" by the Voluntary Sector : Sociological Research of Public Sphere Created by Citizens.

公民如何与政府共同创造社会公共领域是本研究的主题。政府现在通常已经占据了公共领域。但进入20世纪90年代后，我们发现公共领域出现了一个新的趋势，即非营利组织开始正式提供公共服务，并相互网络化。为了具体说明这种倾向是由谁造成的，以及它是如何实现的，我集中讨论了以下四点：1）NPO支援中心是公民公共领域的积极支持者之一。2）扩大公共领域的一个途径是发展政府部门之间的伙伴关系，3）NPO支援中心位于三个部门的中心，以建立伙伴关系。4）NPO支援中心的活动目标是在地方一级实现可持续的社区，在国家一级实现可持续的公民社会。我发表了三篇关于NPO支援中心的社会作用及其发展过程的文章。我想在下一阶段的研究中分析两种伙伴关系模式。一种是来自上层的伙伴关系（作为政府的社会政策），另一种是来自下层的伙伴关系（作为基层的要求）。关于前者，我已经在2004年10 - 11月对英国阅读Borough的地方战略伙伴关系和社区战略进行了研究，关于后者，我已经收集了关于图马戈、京都、金泽和镰仓的地方社区建筑的大量信息。我在这份报告中提到了川越2003年的研究。

The main theme of this research is how the citizens can create the public sphere in their society together with the government. The government has usually occupied the public sphere by now. But after the 1990s, we found a new tendency in the pubic sphere, that is the Non-profit Organization (NPO) has started providing the public service officially and networking each other. In order to specify who have made this tendency and how it has been realized, I focus on four points as follows ;1) A NPO support center is one of active supporters of the public sphere for citizens.2) A way of expanding the public sphere is to develop partnership among government sector, business sector and voluntary sector.3) A NPO support center is situated at the center of three sectors to make partnership.4) The goal of activities of NPO support center is to realize a sustainable community at the local level and a sustainable civil society at the national level.I published three articles on the social role of a NPO support center and its developing processes. I would like to analyze two patterns of partnership on the next stage of my research. The one is partnership from the top (as a social policy of the government), and the other is partnership from the bottom (as a request from the grassroots). As for the former, I have already researched on the local strategic partnership and the community strategy at Reading Borough in England on October - November 2004, and as for the latter, I have already gathered much information about local community buildings in Tumago, Kyoto, Kanazawa, and Kamakura. I referred to the research in Kawagoe 2003 in this report.