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A Study of the Social Functions of the Tribes(tribus) in Ancient Rome

古罗马部落社会功能研究

基本信息

批准号：
13610439
负责人：
SUNADA Toru
金额：
$ 1.92万
依托单位：
HOKKAIDO UNIVERSITY
依托单位国家：
日本
项目类别：
Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (C)
财政年份：
2001
资助国家：
日本
起止时间：
2001 至 2003
项目状态：
已结题

项目摘要

The tribes (tribus) were division of the people in ancient Rome. Roman citizens belonged to one of the 35 tribes (4 urban, 31 rustic) by virtue of residence. The tribes were used as voting units of assemblies, and as the basis of juries' selection, army recruitment, the census, and taxation (tributum). This research has considered social functions of the tribes and its results are following :(a)First, 4 urban tribes are generally regarded as socially inferior and politically disadvantaged. But, investigating the content of the Latin word 'tribu movers' and the registration of the freedmen, actors and the illegitimate children, I have proved such a view not to be supported. The tribes were more neutral units than generally supposed.(b)In the empire, there are some literal and epigraphic sources which indicate the organization of the tribes in relation to the corn distribution. Secondly, I have proved that it was not the organization of the so-called 35 tribes, but the organization which only consisted of Roman citizens dwelling in Rome. Thus, we could realize that under the empire the tribes had truly declined.

部落是古罗马人民的一种划分。罗马公民属于35个部落之一（4个城市，31个乡村）凭借居住。部落被用作议会的投票单位，并作为陪审团的选择，军队招募，人口普查和税收的基础。本研究考虑了部落的社会功能，其结果如下：（1）第一，四个城市部落普遍被认为是社会劣势和政治弱势。但是，调查拉丁语“tribu movers”的内容和自由人，演员和私生子的登记，我已经证明了这种观点是不支持的。这些部落比一般认为的更中立。(b)In在帝国时期，有一些文字和铭文来源表明部落的组织与玉米分配有关。第二，我已经证明，这不是所谓的35个部落的组织，而是仅仅由居住在罗马的罗马公民组成的组织。因此，我们可以认识到，在帝国统治下，部落确实衰落了。