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A Systematic Study of Regionalism in American Literature

美国文学地域主义的系统研究

基本信息

批准号：
13610575
负责人：
TANAKA Hisao
金额：
$ 1.98万
依托单位：
HIROSHIMA UNIVERSITY
依托单位国家：
日本
项目类别：
Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (C)
财政年份：
2001
资助国家：
日本
起止时间：
2001 至 2004
项目状态：
已结题

项目摘要

The present investigator, Hisao TANAKA, has tried to explore the literary representations of the major four regions in the United States from the viewpoint of regionalism-the traditionally demarcated regions, that is, the East, the South, the Midwest, and the West. However, TANAKA has met the same difficulty as did J.M.Cox, who confesses in an essay, "Regionalism : A Diminished Thing," included in the Columbia Literary History of the United States (1988) that "it [the West] is all future and mobility-it is America," and therefore has not duly pursued his plan of study he originally proposed to this project.Still TANAKA attempted to see the four regions on equal terms, keenly conscious of the persistence of the preconceived view that historically the East has had a cultural hegemony over the other regions. Yet, his concern is so greatly with William Faulkner and his region, the South, that the tendency to study it more than the other regions could not be fully avoided. However, he has e … More ndeavored to bring into his consideration the three pivotal critical points of view-gender, class, and race-and also paid due attention to such elements as religion, ethnicity, or age. Also, he sought to refer to the important critical works like The Geopolitical Aesthetic (1995) by F.Jameson and The Location of Culture (1994) by H.K.Bhabha. Thus the researcher has studied the interconnection of composite forces of the identity or image each region has historically and socially internalized, whether consciously or unconsciously, and of the identity or image which has been given to each region, whether it likes it or not, by such external mass media as literature, movies, or photographs. Indeed, regional characteristics are undoubtedly diminishing, but it is still generally true that the East retains, though to a lesser degree than before, Puritan sensibility and reminiscences about its idyllic past ; that, though resurrected from the past ordeal of the Civil Rights Movement and in the process of gradual change, the South is still a homogeneous terrain ; that the Midwest has been proudly buttressing its egalitarian spirit, with heterogeneous mobility ; that the West is always future-oriented, though R.Carver's country is quite different from such scenery. Less

本文作者田中久雄从地域主义的观点出发，对美国四大地域（东部、南部、中西部和西部）的文学表现进行了探讨。然而，田中遇到了与J.M.考克斯同样的困难，他在一篇文章《地区主义：一个被削弱的东西，”包括在哥伦比亚美国文学史（1988年），“它[西方]是所有的未来和流动性，它是美国，“因此没有适当地执行他最初为这个项目提出的研究计划。田中仍然试图平等地看待四个地区，他们敏锐地意识到，在历史上，东方一直对其他地区拥有文化霸权的先入为主的观点持续存在。然而，他对威廉·福克纳和他的南方地区的关注是如此之大，以至于他不可避免地倾向于研究它而不是其他地区。但是，他有e ...更多信息他不仅将性别、阶级、种族这三个关键性的观点纳入考量，也对宗教、种族、年龄等因素给予了应有的关注。此外，他试图参考重要的批评作品，如F.詹姆逊的《地缘政治美学》（1995）和H. K.巴巴的《文化的位置》（1994）。因此，研究者研究了每个地区在历史上和社会上有意识或无意识地内化的身份或形象的复合力量的相互联系，以及通过文学、电影或照片等外部大众媒体赋予每个地区的身份或形象的相互联系，不管它喜欢与否。事实上，地区性特征无疑正在减少，但总体而言，东部仍然保留着清教徒的情感和对田园诗般过去的回忆，尽管程度比以前有所降低;尽管从民权运动的过去磨难中复活，并处于逐渐变化的过程中，南方仍然是一个同质的地形;中西部一直自豪地支持其平等主义精神，并具有异质流动性;西方始终面向未来，尽管R.Carver的国家与这样的风景截然不同。少