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Japanese-German Comparative Basic Research on Administrative Modernization

日德行政现代化比较基础研究

基本信息

批准号：
13620108
负责人：
AGATA Koichiro
金额：
$ 1.28万
依托单位：
Waseda University
依托单位国家：
日本
项目类别：
Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (C)
财政年份：
2001
资助国家：
日本
起止时间：
2001 至 2002
项目状态：
已结题

项目摘要

In this research analyzed were the most recent situations of administrative modernization that have emerged in the last some years in Japan and Germany; Japanese info-communications policy and bank policy were discussed here, while the municipal consolidation and the civil service reform in Germany were focused. In both sectors of regulative policy in Japan a deregulation has been characteristically progressed in principle, but if detailed situations in the info-communications policy should be observed, then a clear contrast between the telecommunications policy and the Internet policy can be seen: in the former sector in which an intermittent deregulation has been developed since 1985 stands now in the last phase in which no other measures than the regulation of universal service for unprofitable areas and of interconnection should be realized. On the other hand the world of Internet in Japan had experienced a situation of non-regulation only through self-regulation by the concerned p … More arties until the Service Providers Law was issued 2002. It depends on a further development in the Internet market if more regulative measures should be necessary or not. In the field of bank policy Japanese banks are now confronted with a worldwide competition after the two-staged Big Bang measures of 1993 and 2001.In contrast to Japan where reforms in concrete policy fields are remarkable, in Germany such metaphysical institutional modernization as municipal consolidations and civil service reform are now being carried out: municipal consolidations in the new federal states after reunification of 1990 are continued to show effective outcomes by applying dual models, namely the amalgamation model through official consolidation of municipalities into a united one or the cooperation model through limber administrative community among some municipalities. Furthermore the modernization of civil service based on a unitary standard is also effective: the effects of the Civil Service Reform Law 1997 are evaluated in an official report of the Federal Government. Based on it, the Law for Structural Reform of Salary System was enforced 2002 to introduce a performance-oriented salary system more broadly. Also German professorship system, which had not experienced any reform, yet has been modernized through a fundamental change of the University Framework Law 2002. These concrete situations of administrative modernization in both countries showing considerable outcomes should be carefully observed further. Less

本研究分析了日本和德国近几年出现的行政现代化的最新情况，讨论了日本的信息通讯政策和银行政策，重点讨论了德国的市政整合和公务员制度改革。在日本的两个监管政策领域，放松监管在原则上都取得了典型的进展，但如果观察信息通信政策中的详细情况，则可以看到电信政策和互联网政策之间的明显对比：在自1985年以来间歇性放松监管的前一个部门，现在处于最后阶段，除了监管无利可图地区的普遍服务和互联互通外，不应采取任何其他措施。另一方面，日本的互联网界经历了一种只有通过有关p…的自我监管才能进行监管的情况在2002年《服务提供者法》发布之前，还有更多的文章。这取决于互联网市场的进一步发展，是否需要更多的监管措施。在银行政策领域，日本的银行在经历了1993年和2001年的两次大爆炸措施后，面临着全球性的竞争。与日本在具体政策领域的改革显着不同，德国正在进行市政合并和公务员制度改革等形而上学的制度现代化：1990年统一后的新联邦州的市政合并继续显示出有效的结果，采用双重模式，即通过官方合并市政为一个统一的合并模式，或通过一些市政之间灵活的行政社区合作模式。此外，基于统一标准的公务员现代化也是有效的：联邦政府的一份官方报告对1997年“公务员改革法”的影响进行了评估。在此基础上，2002年实施了《薪酬制度结构性改革法》，在更广泛的范围内引入了绩效导向的薪酬制度。同样，德国的教授制度没有经历任何改革，但通过对2002年《大学框架法》进行了根本性的改变，使之现代化。两国行政现代化的这些具体情况显示出相当大的成果，应进一步仔细观察。较少