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The Labour Supply Behavior of Women-Japan, Korea and New Zealand

女性劳动力供给行为——日本、韩国、新西兰

基本信息

批准号：
13630019
负责人：
FURUGORI Tomoko
金额：
$ 0.96万
依托单位：
CHUO UNIVERSITY
依托单位国家：
日本
项目类别：
Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (C)
财政年份：
2001
资助国家：
日本
起止时间：
2001 至 2002
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://kaken.nii.ac.jp/grant/KAKENHI-PROJECT-13630019/
关键词：
labor force participation non standard work work and family balance part-time employment parental leave childcare working pattern cohort IMF危機コーホート男女雇用平等法雇用構造の健全化

项目摘要

The female labor participation rates by ages in Japan, Korea and New Zealand have a common and distinct feature that takes double peaked or M-shaped pattern. Women in these countries enter the labor market when finishing their education, tend to quit the jobs at the time for rearing children, and reenter the market again after that time passes. The employees' work behavior in the modern societies varies considerably, reflecting the needs of the industries and individual workers. But the company regulations and the government social welfare systems are not at par with the changes in work behavior. The fact affects women more often than men: women in general select a greater variety of working styles than men do but not only atypical but also typical female workers are to sacrifice their work over childbearing and other family responsibilities as there are not effective policies and sufficient facilities and/or men are not willing to take family responsibilities in these countries.This research accounts for the social backgrounds that have brought the pattern in Japan, Korea and New Zealand. It then gives a thought and suggestion for support systems, especially for day-care centers and maternity and parental leaves from work, by which the women are given chances to stay in the labor market and further their careers without the disruption.

日本、韩国和新西兰女性劳动参与率的年龄分布有一个共同而又明显的特征，即呈现双峰或M型曲线。这些国家的妇女在完成教育后进入劳动力市场，往往在抚养孩子时辞去工作，并在这段时间过后再次进入市场。现代社会中员工的工作行为差异很大，反映了行业和员工个人的需求。但是公司的规章制度和政府的社会福利制度并没有跟上工作行为的变化。这一事实对妇女的影响往往大于男子：妇女一般比男子选择更多的工作方式，但由于没有有效的政策和足够的设施，不仅是非典型的，而且是典型的女工都因生育和其他家庭责任而牺牲了工作，或者说，在这些国家，男性不愿意承担家庭责任。这项研究解释了导致日本这种模式的社会背景，韩国和新西兰。然后，它对支助系统提出了思考和建议，特别是对日托中心和产假和育儿假，使妇女有机会留在劳动力市场，在不中断的情况下发展自己的职业生涯。