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Development of Survey and Follow-up System for Transient Astronomical Objects

瞬变天体巡天跟踪系统研制

基本信息

批准号：
13640239
负责人：
KATO Taichi
金额：
$ 0.96万
依托单位：
KYOTO UNIVERSITY
依托单位国家：
日本
项目类别：
Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (C)
财政年份：
2001
资助国家：
日本
起止时间：
2001 至 2003
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://kaken.nii.ac.jp/grant/KAKENHI-PROJECT-13640239/
关键词：
transient objects gamma-ray bursts cataclysmic variables supernovae novae black holes accretion disks variable stars

项目摘要

This research aims to understand the physics of active phenomena in astronomy, through observational study of "transient astronomical objects", which include optical counterparts of gamma-ray bursts, X-ray transients harboring black holes, and cataclysmic variables. These objects show very rapid (tens of seconds to days) variations and are becoming a matter of contemporary astrophysical interest.In recent years, these objects have been shown to exhibit unexpected variations even in the optical light. In this research, we undertook a comprehensive approach to develop a dedicated observing system for transient objects, to establish the analysis technique, and to maintain the world-wide network (VSNET) as a world center for transient object astronomy. We installed an automated dome in Kyoto University, and a 25-cm telescope and a CCD camera in Kyushu University. In combination with the existing apparatus, we succeeded to produce a rich scientific outcome, and published a great number of s … More olid papers.Representative scientific results include:(1) We discovered giant, rapid optical variations in V4641 Sgr, the black-hole X-ray transient whose unique nature was first recognized by our discovery of a giant optical outburst in 1999. The discovery of rapid optical variations in this system has brought a possibility to directly "see" the neighborhood of a black hole.(2) We published a Nature paper on GRB 030329, which was widely communicated in, domestic and international press materials. This burst brought a major turning point in modern research of gamma-ray bursts. The early observation and rapid release of information via VSNET greatly contributed to globally enhance the observation strategies of GRBs.(3) We published a special issue (on VSNET) of the Publication of Astronomical Society of Japan. This issue included a review paper on the history, scientific achievements, and novel strategies to create VSNET. The issue also includes many original research papers. This is an epoch-making publication in the research history of transient objects, and will widely be referenced by the relevant researchers. Less

这项研究的目的是通过对“瞬变天文物体”的观测研究，了解天文学中活跃现象的物理学，这些物体包括伽马射线爆发的光学对应物、携带黑洞的X射线瞬变和灾变变量。这些天体的变化非常快（几十秒到几天），成为当代天体物理学关注的问题。近年来，这些天体甚至在可见光下也表现出意想不到的变化。在这项研究中，我们采取了一种全面的方法来开发一个专门的观测系统，瞬态对象，建立分析技术，并保持全球网络（VSNET）作为一个世界中心的瞬态对象天文学。我们在京都大学安装了一个自动圆顶，在九州大学安装了一个25厘米的望远镜和一个CCD相机。结合现有的仪器设备，我们成功地产生了丰富的科学成果，发表了大量的论文， ...更多信息代表性的科学成果包括：（1）我们在V4641Sgr中发现了巨大的、快速的光学变化，这是一个黑洞X射线瞬变，其独特的性质是在1999年我们发现的一个巨大的光学爆发中首次认识到的。在这个系统中发现快速的光学变化，使得直接“看到”黑洞附近的可能性成为可能。(2)我们发表了一篇关于GRB 030329的Nature论文，该论文在国内和国际新闻资料中广泛传播。这次爆发是伽马射线爆发现代研究的一个重要转折点。VSNET的早期观测和快速信息发布极大地促进了全球伽玛暴观测策略的提升。(3)我们在日本天文学会出版物上出版了一期特刊（在VSNET上）。这一期包括一份关于历史、科学成就和创建VSNET的新策略的综述论文。该问题还包括许多原创研究论文。这是瞬态物体研究史上具有划时代意义的出版物，将被相关研究人员广泛参考。少