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Dynamics of 1st order phase transition in cosmic environment and electroweak baryogenesis

宇宙环境中一阶相变动力学与电弱重子生成

基本信息

批准号：
13640255
负责人：
YOSHIMURA Motohiko
金额：
$ 1.92万
依托单位：
OKAYAMA UNIVERSITY (2004)The University of Tokyo (2001-2003)
依托单位国家：
日本
项目类别：
Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (C)
财政年份：
2001
资助国家：
日本
起止时间：
2001 至 2004
项目状态：
已结题

项目摘要

There have been many reports on investigation of the early universe that may provide a key bridge between microphysics (elementary particle) and macrophysice (universe) and a new paradigm and a new academic field often called particle cosmology is rapidly in the process of formation. The present researcher has beeninvolved in this development since its early rise, and indeed proposed its first crucial theory of baryogenesis and since then has been working in this interesting field of research. The scope of particle cosmology has enlarged and it now includes the origin of the dark matter and inflationary universe scenario, and is clarifying many fundamental problems of the early universe.Under this circumstance this reserch project has attempted to construct a new scenario of electroweak baryogenesis so far considered too difficult. Our basic strategy is to gain a deep insight of the first order phase transition of the electroweak symmetry breaking. Starting from the first principles of quantum mechanics we succeeded in describing in the real-time formalism of Feynman and Vernon how the first order phase transition may proceed. More specifically, we took a model system of 1 dimensional potential barrier immersed in a thermal environment which mimics the early universe, and discovered an enhancement mechanism of tunneling. The basic physics behind this enhancement is an energy inflow to the quantum system from environment This way we believe that the basis of investigating electroweak baryogensis has been clarified.

关于早期宇宙的研究已经有许多报道，它们可能在微观物理学（基本粒子）和宏观物理学（宇宙）之间提供一个关键的桥梁，一个新的范式和一个新的学术领域，通常被称为粒子宇宙学，正在迅速形成。本研究员从它的早期兴起就参与了这一发展，并确实提出了它的第一个重要理论，从那时起一直致力于这一有趣的研究领域。粒子宇宙学的研究范围不断扩大，现已包括暗物质起源和暴胀宇宙的研究，并正在澄清早期宇宙的许多基本问题，在这种情况下，本研究计划试图建立一个迄今为止被认为是困难的新的电弱重子生成的研究方案。我们的基本策略是深入了解电弱对称性破缺的一级相变。从量子力学的第一原理出发，我们成功地用费曼和弗农的实时形式描述了一级相变是如何进行的。更具体地说，我们把一个一维势垒模型系统浸没在模拟早期宇宙的热环境中，发现了隧穿的增强机制。这种增强背后的基本物理是从环境向量子系统的能量流入。这样我们相信，研究电弱重子的基础已经澄清。