Origin and speciation on deep-sea fishes of the Sea of Japan

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Speciation and diversity of deep-sea fishes from the Sea of Japan were surveyed taxonomically and phylogenetically. During 2001-2003 many specimens were collected from the bottom of Sea of Japan and adjacent waters by cooperation of the Fisheries Research Agency and other institutes in Japan. At least 226 species were listed from the Sea of Japan after examination of both museum collections including the above new materials and literature records ; the 83 species lack voucher specimens (captured records only) and a further search for them is needed. The most diversified taxon was the Zoarcidae, showing 26 species of 8 genera. Molecular data of the Zoarcidae, Cottoidei and Elasmobranchii from the Sea of Japan were also collected. Molecular phylogeny of the Zoarcidae on the basis of mitochondrial DNA (cytochrome b region) suggested that the speciation may be related with geographical history of the sea. Taxonomic research revealed a rare and a probable undescribed species of Zoarcidae, rare species of the Liparidae and Callanthidae from the Sea of Japan.