Population history of the Ryukyu Islanders in Japan as.viewed from temporal and regional variations of dental morphology.

从牙齿形态的时间和区域变化看日本琉球岛民的人口史。

• 批准号: 13640715
• 负责人: MANABE Yoshitaka
• 金额: $ 2.24万
• 依托单位: Nagasaki University
• 依托单位国家: 日本
• 项目类别: Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (C)
• 财政年份: 2001
• 资助国家: 日本
• 起止时间: 2001 至 2003
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://kaken.nii.ac.jp/grant/KAKENHI-PROJECT-13640715/
• 关键词: nonmetric dental trait; Miyako islander; Ryukyu islander; population history; temporal variation; regional variation; Sundadonty; Sinodonty; 歯の人類学; 日本人の二重構造モデル; Sinodont; Sundadont; 沖縄本島

Dental plaster casts of the living Miyako islanders (101 males, 86 females) were collected and their frequencies of 17 nonmetric dental traits were investigated in order to clarify regional variation of dental morphologyy in Ryukyu Islanders. The Miyako Island is in the Sakishima Islands of the southernmost district of the Ryukyu Islands. The incidences of the Miyako islanders were compared with other three Ryukyu islanders, other 10 Japanese. populations and other 25 Asian-derived populations. In the East Asian populations, the Miyako and other Ryukyu islanders have intermediate characters between the northeast Asian Sinodonty and the Southeast Asian Sundadonty. In the Japanese populations, these four Ryukyu islanders are overwhelmingly more similar, to the migrant group, such as the north Kyushu Yayoi and mainland modern population, than to the native group, such as the mainland Jomonese and modern Hokkaido Ainu. Seemingly these results do not support the "Ainu-Ryukyu (Okinawa) Common Origin Theory". However, the residence of Sundadonty such as Jomonese in the Tanegashima Island of the Yayoi period suggests a residence of Sundadonty in the past Ryukyu Islands and later migration of Sinodonty to the Ryukyu Islands. In the Ryukyu islanders, there are some variations between the four modern Ryukyu islanders. The variations indicate a certain amount of cline from north to south in the Ryukyu Islands. The cline might suggest some gene flow of Sinodonty from the northward.

收集了现存宫古岛民（男101人，女86人）的牙石膏模型，调查了17个非测量牙形特征的频率，以阐明琉球岛民牙形的地域差异。宫古岛位于琉球群岛最南端的崎岛群岛。并将宫古岛居民与琉球其他三岛居民及日本其他10人的发病率进行比较。其他25个来自亚洲的人口。在东亚人群中，宫古人和其他琉球人具有介于东北亚中国齿象和东南亚巽他齿象之间的中间性状。在日本人口中，这四个琉球岛民与移民群体（如北九州弥生和大陆现代人口）的相似性远远超过与本土群体（如大陆的日本人和现代北海道阿伊努人）的相似性。这些结果似乎并不支持“阿伊努-琉球（冲绳）共同起源说”。然而，在弥生时代的种子岛上居住的Sundadonty，如Jomonese，表明Sundadonty在过去的琉球群岛居住，后来Sinodonty迁移到琉球群岛。在琉球岛民中，现代琉球四岛人之间存在着一些变异。这些变化表明琉球群岛自北向南存在一定的渐变群。这一渐变群可能反映了中国齿类的基因流从北方向北迁移。