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Development of New Carbons Using Liquid Phase Chemical Treatment and Their Properties

液相化学处理新型碳的开发及其性能

基本信息

批准号：
13650735
负责人：
GHIOYA Masatoshi
金额：
$ 2.43万
依托单位：
Tokyo Institute of Technology
依托单位国家：
日本
项目类别：
Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (C)
财政年份：
2001
资助国家：
日本
起止时间：
2001 至 2002
项目状态：
已结题

项目摘要

A liquid phase chemical treatment has been used as a part of the production process of carbons from organi compounds aiming at controlling the pore structure of the carbons. Poly (vinylidene fluoride) (PVDF) has bee treated with a strong organic base, and a high-temperature heat treatment and an optional activation treatment using carbon dioxide gas have been applied. Carbons with wide variety of pore size and volume could b successfully obtained by changing the degree of the chemical treatment. From slightly treated PVDF, carbon with lame pore size were obtained. While from intensively treated PVDF, carbons with small pore size an volume were obtained. The pore size in the activated carbon had strong correlation with that in the carbo before activation, and the mesoporous activated carbons were obtained from slightly treated PVDF. For the activated carbon containing the pores with diameters 4-10 nm, the pore volume measured with nitrogen ga adsorption was 1.6 cm^3g^<-1>, BET surface area 2500 m^3g<-1> and methylene blue adsorption from the liquid phas 0.54g, respectively, per l g of the activated carbon. It was made clear that in the present method, the pores ar produced due to the formation. With the chemical treatment, of the inhomogeneous structure in which the thermal decomposition behavior and the volume loss at thermal decomposition vary between regions. For controlling the pore structure of the carbon, another method using polymer blend has been proposed, while the starting polymer suitable for the method has been strictly limited. Since it was made clear with the present study that the pore structure of the carbon can be controlled by utilizing the inhomogeneity of the structure originating form the crystal line and the amorphous regions of the polymer, the range of the choice of the polymers for controlling th pore structure has been enlarged.

在从有机化合物生产碳的过程中，已经使用了一种液态化学处理，目的是控制碳的孔结构。聚偏氟乙烯(PVDF)用强有机碱进行了处理，并采用了高温热处理和可选的二氧化碳气体活化处理。通过改变化学处理的程度，可以成功地获得孔径和体积变化很大的炭。从稍作处理的聚偏氟乙烯中，可以得到孔径较小的碳。而对聚偏氟乙烯进行强化处理，可以得到孔径和体积都较小的碳。活性炭孔大小与活化前的炭孔大小有很强的相关性，对PVDF稍加处理即可得到介孔活性碳。对于孔径为4~10 nm的活性炭，用氮气吸附测得的孔容为1.6 cm·3g~(-1)，比表面积为2500m·3g~(-1)·g~(-1)，亚甲基蓝的吸附比表面积为0.54g/L。显然，在目前的方法中，气孔是由于形成而产生的。通过化学处理，不同区域的热分解行为和热分解时的体积损失不同的不均匀结构。为了控制炭的孔结构，人们提出了另一种利用聚合物共混的方法，但对适合该方法的起始聚合物进行了严格的限制。由于本研究明确了利用聚合物的结晶线和非晶区结构的不均匀性来控制碳的孔结构，从而扩大了控制孔结构的聚合物的选择范围。