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Functionalization of Carbon Materials as Energy Conversion Materials by Surface Modification

通过表面改性将碳材料功能化为能量转换材料

基本信息

批准号：
13650896
负责人：
NAKAJIMA Tsuyoshi
金额：
$ 2.37万
依托单位：
AICHI INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY
依托单位国家：
日本
项目类别：
Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (C)
财政年份：
2001
资助国家：
日本
起止时间：
2001 至 2002
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://kaken.nii.ac.jp/grant/KAKENHI-PROJECT-13650896/
关键词：
Surface fluorination Carbon electrode Surface area Surface structure CVI Lithium ion battery リチウムイオン電池炭素負極 CVD・CVI 電解質溶液

项目摘要

1. Surface fluorination, fluorination process and electrochemical behavior of petroleum cokesPetroleum cokes (original, heat-treated at 1860℃, 2300℃ and 2800℃) were fluorinated at 150℃, 200℃ and 300℃ by 0.3 bar F_2 for 2 min. Original petroleum coke was somewhat fluorinated, however, the fluorination of other heat-treated cokes were less. BET surface areas of petroleum cokes heat-treated at 1860℃ and 2300℃ were slightly decreased by fluorination while that heat-treated at 2800℃ was increased. Meso-pores with diameters of 5-15 nm were simultaneously increased for all the cokes. Fluorination process of graphite was monitored by X-ray diffraction and Raman spectroscopy for samples fluorinated at room temperature, 380℃ and 515℃. Fluorine-intercalated phase with sp^2 planar graphene layers is formed at first, and then converted to graphite fluoride with puckered graphene layers. The capacities of surface-fluorinated petroleum cokes and first coulombic efficiencies were increased by 10% and 5-10%, respectively.2. Functionalization of carbon materials by chemical vapor infiltration (CVI)Pyrocarbon was infiltrated into carbonized filter paper at 950℃ by CVI method using propane and hydrogen. Infiltrated pyrocarbon has higher crystallinity and smaller surface area than carbonized filter paper. Coulombic efficiency of the pyrocarbon was increased by 10-15% probably due to decrease in the solvent decomposition.3. Improvement of characteristics of graphite electrode by fluoride additivesFluorine-containing esters and ethers were examined in 1M LiClO_4-ethylene carbonate/diethyl carbonate solution. Addition of a small amount of fluorine compound improved the charge/discharge characteristics of graphite electrode at 0℃〜-10℃. This may be because fluorine groups incorporated in the surface film on graphite facilitates the diffusion of Li^+ ion.

1. 石油焦的表面氟化、氟化过程及电化学行为研究石油焦（原煤、热处理分别为1860℃、2300℃和2800℃）在150℃、200℃和300℃下，用0.3 bar F_2在2 min下氟化。原始石油焦有一定的氟化，而其他热处理焦炭的氟化程度较低。在1860℃和2300℃热处理的石油焦经氟化处理后，其BET表面积略有下降，而在2800℃热处理的石油焦BET表面积有所增加。所有焦炭同时增加了直径为5 ~ 15 nm的介孔。用x射线衍射和拉曼光谱对室温、380℃和515℃下氟化的石墨样品进行了氟化过程的监测。首先形成具有sp^2平面石墨烯层的氟插层相，然后转化为具有皱褶石墨烯层的氟化石墨。表面氟化石油焦的容量和第一库仑效率分别提高了10%和5-10%。用化学气相渗透法（CVI）将炭素在950℃下以丙烷和氢气为原料渗透到炭化过滤纸中。与炭化滤纸相比，渗炭的结晶度更高，比表面积更小。热解炭的库仑效率提高了10-15%，这可能是由于溶剂分解减少所致。氟添加剂对石墨电极性能的改善研究了含氟酯和含氟醚在1M liclo_4 -碳酸乙烯/碳酸二乙酯溶液中的作用。少量氟化合物的加入改善了石墨电极在0℃~ -10℃的充放电特性。这可能是因为石墨表面膜中的氟基团有利于Li^+离子的扩散。