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Studies on evaluation of colored rice characteristics -Approach to utilization for functional food based on dietary composition-

彩色大米特性评价研究-基于膳食成分的功能性食品利用途径-

基本信息

批准号：
13660016
负责人：
TASHIRO Toru
金额：
$ 2.18万
依托单位：
Mie University
依托单位国家：
日本
项目类别：
Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (C)
财政年份：
2001
资助国家：
日本
起止时间：
2001 至 2002
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://kaken.nii.ac.jp/grant/KAKENHI-PROJECT-13660016/
关键词：
Asian rice Varietal difference red rice black rice mineral pigment Antioxidant activity Oxidative stress 系統間差異機能性化学成分

项目摘要

Rice (Oryza sativa L) has been one of the most important crops for the world's inhabitants especially in Asian countries. While the pericarp or testa of wild-genotype rice is either red or black in color, white rice has been favored and selected during the past centuries presumably because of its appearance and good taste as well as the high production efficiency. In Japan, colored rice, especially red, has been maintained in limited areas such as in Sonja (Okayama Prefecture), Tsushima Island (Nagasaki Prefecture), and Tanegashima Island (Kagaoshima Prefecture) for religious purposes as an offering to natural God Shinto shrines. Black rice has been cultivated in some Asian countries including China and Indonesia for religious purpose or as traditional food.Since approximately 10 years ago, wild-genotype rice has become popular as "ancient rice" among natural food lovers in Japan because they are stronger than white rice against pathologic insects and weeds, thus requiring less insecti … More cides, herbicides, and chemical fertilizer. Furthermore, natural pigments in plant attracted much attention because of its possible antioxidant activity hi human body based on a hypothesis that endogenous antioxidants play an important role in plant defense system against oxidative stress.We have investigated the variability of mineral contents and that of the antioxidant activities in different strains of colored rice in order to determine the relation between mineral content and antioxidant activity, as well as their relationships to kernel characteristics. Information about these relationships should prove valuable for functional evaluation of colored rice and, should provide a basis for making genetic improvements in colored rice.The Fe content of the kernel varied from 3.79 to 17.95ppm, the average being 10.14ppm and the coefficients of variation of 23.9%. The highest value for Fe content was for HAJIKUROHO from a red rice strain that had a relatively low kernel weight of 1.634g and a waxy rice starch. The lowest value was for TAKASAGOMOCHI from a white rice strain that had a relatively high kernel weight of 2.210g and a waxy rice starch. The Ca content of the kernel ranged from 77.92 to 160.66, averaging 110.63ppm ; whereas, the Zn content ranged from 10.78 to 27.36ppm, averaging 16.82ppm. The respective coefficients of variation for Ca and Zn were 12.9% and 18.7%. The highest Ca value was for RYOUYOU-KUROMAI from a black rice strain having long kernel length of 6.83mm. The lowest value was for YAMABIKO from a black-seeded strain having short kernel length of 5.46mm. The highest and the lowest values, respectively, for Zn were found in samples from the red rice strain. No strains were found to have a markedly high mineral content, which would increase the quality of both the nutritive value and oxidative stress. We fund a valid association between seed color type and the Ca content of the kernel. Strains that had black-colored rice tended to have higher Ca contents. We found valid strains to have a relatively high antioxidant activity, which were for ASAMURASAKI from a black rice strain and TUKUSI-AKAMOCHI from a red rice strain. Less

水稻（Oryza sativa L）是世界上特别是亚洲国家居民最重要的作物之一。虽然野生型水稻的果皮或种皮是红色或黑色的，但白色水稻在过去的几个世纪中一直受到青睐和选择，大概是因为其外观和良好的口感以及高生产效率。在日本，彩色大米，特别是红色大米，一直保持在有限的地区，如Sonja（冈山县），对马岛（长崎县）和种子岛（鹿儿岛县），用于宗教目的，作为自然神神社的祭品。黑米在包括中国和印度尼西亚在内的一些亚洲国家被种植用于宗教目的或作为传统食物。大约10年前，野生基因型水稻在日本被称为“古老的水稻”，因为它们比白色水稻对致病昆虫和杂草的抵抗力更强，因此需要更少的昆虫和杂草， ...更多信息杀虫剂、除草剂和化肥。本研究通过对不同品种彩色稻中矿物质含量及抗氧化活性的研究，探讨了不同品种彩色稻中矿物质含量与抗氧化活性的关系，并对不同品种彩色稻中矿物质含量与抗氧化活性的关系进行了初步探讨。以及它们与内核特性的关系。籽粒铁含量的变异范围为3.79 ~ 17.95ppm，平均值为10.14ppm，变异系数为23.9%。铁含量最高的是来自红米品系的HAJIKUROHO，其具有相对较低的粒重（1.634g）和糯米淀粉。最低值是来自白色稻品系的高砂口，其具有相对高的粒重2.210 g和糯性稻米淀粉。籽粒中钙含量变化范围为77.92 ~ 160.66，平均为110.63ppm，锌含量变化范围为10.78 ~ 27.36ppm，平均为16.82ppm。钙和锌的变异系数分别为12.9%和18.7%。Ca值最高的是来自长粒（6.83mm）的黑稻品系RYOUYOU-KUROMAI。最低值是来自黑籽株系的Yamabiko，具有5.46mm的短粒长度。最高和最低值，分别为锌被发现在样品中的红米菌株。没有发现菌株具有显著高的矿物质含量，这将增加营养价值和氧化应激的质量。我们基金的种子颜色类型和钙含量的内核之间的有效关联。黑色稻米的品种有较高的钙含量。我们发现有效的菌株具有相对较高的抗氧化活性，这是从一个黑米品种的浅村崎和从一个红米品种的TUKUSI-AKAMOCHI。少