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A fundamental research for genetic transformation via microprotoplast fusion in Liliaceous species

百合科植物微原生质体融合遗传转化的基础研究

基本信息

批准号：
13660024
负责人：
NAKANO Masaru
金额：
$ 2.18万
依托单位：
Niigata University
依托单位国家：
日本
项目类别：
Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (C)
财政年份：
2001
资助国家：
日本
起止时间：
2001 至 2003
项目状态：
已结题

项目摘要

Toward the application of microprotoplast fusion to genetic improvement of Liliaceous ornamental plants, 1)establishment of regenerable callus or cell suspension cultures, 2)development of protoplast culture systems, and 3)development of systems for isolating microprotoplasts, were examined.1)Highly regenerable callus cultures were established in Agapanthus praecox ssp. orientalis and Muscari armeniacum, and highly regenerable cell suspension cultures were established in Hosta sieboldiana.2)By utilizing callus cultures established, protoplast culture systems were developed in A. praecox ssp. orientalis and M. armeniacum. However, further studies are necessary to improve the efficiencies of callus formation from protoplasts and plant regeneration from protoplast-derived calluses.3)Two different systems for isolating microprotoplasts, one from partially synchronized cell suspension cultures of Hemerocallis hybrida(somatic microprotoplasts) and the other from developing microspores of Lilium longiflorum(gametic microprotoplasts) were developed. As compared with the somatic microprotoplast system, the gametic system seems to be more practical in Liliaceous ornamental plants.The systems developed in the present study may pave the way for the transfer of one or a few chromosomes via microprotoplast fusion in Liliaceous ornamental plants. Chromosome addition lines produced via microprotoplast fusion may contribute to chromosome studies as well as genetic improvement in these plants.

摘要针对小原生质体融合技术在百合科观赏植物遗传改良中的应用，综述了可再生愈伤组织或细胞悬浮培养的建立、原生质体培养体系的建立以及小原生质体分离体系的建立。1)建立了高再生愈伤组织培养体系。建立了高可再生细胞悬浮培养体系。2)利用已建立的愈伤组织培养体系，建立了早熟禾原生质体培养体系。东方蓟和亚美尼亚蓟。然而，如何提高原生质体愈伤组织的形成效率和原生质体愈伤组织的植株再生效率还有待进一步研究。3)建立了杂种萱草（heremerocallis hybrida）体细胞微原生质体和长花百合（Lilium longiflorum）发育小孢子（配子体微原生质体）两种不同的分离体系。与体细胞微原生质体系统相比，配子体系统在百合科观赏植物中似乎更为实用。本研究建立的系统可能为百合科观赏植物通过微原生质体融合实现一条或几条染色体的转移铺平道路。通过微原生质体融合产生的染色体附加系可能有助于这些植物的染色体研究和遗传改良。