Relation between the mating type of fungus and mycorrhizal symbiosis

真菌交配类型与菌根共生关系

• 批准号: 13660149
• 负责人: UMATA Hidetaka
• 金额: $ 2.11万
• 依托单位: Kagoshima University
• 依托单位国家: 日本
• 项目类别: Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (C)
• 财政年份: 2001
• 资助国家: 日本
• 起止时间: 2001 至 2003
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://kaken.nii.ac.jp/grant/KAKENHI-PROJECT-13660149/
• 关键词: chlorophyll-less orchid; Erythrorchis ochobiensis; Mating type; Mycorrhizal symbiosis; Nuclear phase; Pleurotus ostreatus; Tetrapolarity; シイタケ; 系統間変異; 菌糸生長; ラン型菌根; エリンギ; 菌寄生植物; 木材腐朽

A chlorophyll-less orchid, Erythrorchis ochobiensis, was co-cultured with different isolates of a fungus Pleurotus ostreatus, to clarity the influence of the fungus nuclear phase and mating type on their symbiosis. Four sib-monokaryons and two reconstituted dikaryons obtained from the progeny of a single strain of this tetra-polar fungus were used. These isolates induced seed germination of the orchid whereas germination was not induced without them. One monokaryotic isolate with compatible mating type, A1B1, induced 44% seed germination and moderate growth of the orchid, while the other, A2B2, induced only 6% and very slow growth. Reconstituted dikaryotic isolate, A1B1xA2B2, induced high germination rate, over 60%, with markedly better growth than A1B1. Different mating type monokaryon A1B2 induced remarkable germination, near to 90%, with satisfactory growth, whereas A2B1 induced below 2% germination. Contrary to A1B1xA2B2, another dikaryon A1B2xA2B1 induced markedly slower growth than A1B2. These results suggested that (1) factor A promotes seed germination and growth of the orchid, and factor A1 has higher promoting ability than A2, (2) factor B prohibits the germination and growth, and B1 has much prohibiting ability than B2, or (2) only B1 strongly prohibits the germination and growth, and B2 promotes the ability of A, and (3) A1B1 and A2B2 in dikaryon A1B1xA2B2 act positively and complementary for the germination and growth whereas A2B1 reduce the A1B2 effect in A1B2xA2B1. Two monokaryons of the same mating type showed difference in the germination rate, that is, 44% and 67%, and growth of the orchid, which might result from nucleic difference. Moreover, the two dikaryons with the same nuclei and different cytoplasm showed almost same in the germination but difference in the growth, which might result from cytoplasmic difference.

以无叶绿素兰花刺桐（Erythrumisochobiensis）为材料，通过与平菇（Pleumostreatus）不同菌株共培养，研究了平菇的核相和交配方式对二者共生的影响。使用了从这种四极真菌的单一菌株的后代中获得的四个姊妹单核体和两个重建的双核体。这些菌株诱导种子萌发的兰花，而发芽没有他们诱导。一个单核分离物与兼容的交配型，A1 B1，诱导44%的种子萌发和适度的增长，而另一个，A2 B2，诱导只有6%，非常缓慢的增长。重组双孢菌菌株A1 B1 xA 2B 2的发芽率高达60%以上，生长状况明显优于A1 B1。不同交配型单核体A_1B_2的萌发率均接近90%，且生长良好，而A_2B_1的萌发率低于2%。与A1 B1 xA 2B 2相反，另一个双核体A1 B2 xA 2B 1诱导的生长明显慢于A1 B2。这些结果表明：（1）A因子促进兰花种子的萌发和生长，且A1的促进作用强于A2;（2）B因子抑制兰花种子的萌发和生长，且B1的抑制作用强于B2;（2）只有B1强烈抑制兰花种子的萌发和生长，而B2促进A因子的萌发和生长。（3）双核体A1 B1 xA 2B 2中的A1 B1和A2 B2对种子萌发和生长起正互补作用，而A2 B1则减弱A1 B2 xA 2B 1中的A1 B2效应。同一交配型的两个单核体在萌发率和生长发育上存在差异，分别为44%和67%，这可能是由于核的差异造成的。两种同核异质的双核体在萌发过程中表现出基本相同的特性，但在生长过程中表现出一定的差异，这可能与细胞质的差异有关。