A Case study of the economic characteristics and the environmental safeguard functions of Natural Cyclical Agriculture based on farmer's techniques

基于农户技术的自然循环农业的经济特征及环境保护功能案例研究

• 批准号: 13660210
• 负责人: MISHIMA Tokuzoh
• 金额: $ 1.86万
• 依托单位: HOKKAIDO UNIVERSITY
• 依托单位国家: 日本
• 项目类别: Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (C)
• 财政年份: 2001
• 资助国家: 日本
• 起止时间: 2001 至 2003
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://kaken.nii.ac.jp/grant/KAKENHI-PROJECT-13660210/
• 关键词: grazing dairy farming; intensive grazing dairy farming; combined rice; dairy farming; dairy farming in mountainous areas; beef cattle management; beef cattle breeding management; hog raising based on grazing; fermented feed made from the rice plan

In this paper we focus on the agricultural techniques developed by producers to utilize and maintain the natural cyclical function of agriculture. By conducting case studies throughout Japan, we aimed to carry out an evaluation of the environmental safeguard functions and economic characteristics of these agricultural operations. We focused on the following 1)slow dairy farming 2)intensive grazing dairy farming, 3)combined rice/dairy farming 4)dairy farming in mountainous areas 5)beef cattle management based on grazing 6)beef cattle bleeding management with grazing on small fields near farmers' residences 7)hog raising based on grazing 8)fermented feed made from the rice plantFrom this case study we were able to draw the following conclusions ;1)Natural cyclical agricultural techniques have become widespread over a long period of time, through trial and error. These techniques utilize regional resources, are low cost, low energy and preserve the surrounding environ.2)It is essential that family farmers are able to easily incorporate natural cyclical farming techniques.3)As well as promoting livestock farming in regional areas, natural cyclical livestock farming techniques play an important role in the preservation of the environment.4)Irrigated rice fields play a very important role as a means for agricultural production well suited to the Japanese climate. Then usage should not be limited to rice cultivation. Particularly, fodder crops grown as secondary crops on rice paddies, and the cultivation of rice for fodder and fermented feed need to be introduced.5)Natuial Cyclical Farming is suitable for small scale farmers, and yields are small for a given time. However, in the future, Cyclical Agriculture with its connection to the local production and local consumption movement will take root in the land.

在本文中，我们关注生产者开发的农业技术，以利用和保持农业的自然循环功能。通过在日本各地进行案例研究，我们旨在对这些农业经营的环境保护功能和经济特征进行评估。我们重点研究了以下几个方面：1)慢奶牛养殖；2)集约放牧奶牛养殖；3)稻乳结合养殖；4)山区奶牛养殖；5)以放牧为基础的肉牛管理；6)以放牧为基础的肉牛出血管理；7)以放牧为基础的生猪饲养；8)以水稻为原料的发酵饲料。通过这个案例研究，我们得出了以下结论：1)自然循环农业技术在很长一段时间内通过试验和错误得到广泛应用。这些技术利用区域资源，低成本，低能耗，保护周围环境。2)至关重要的是，家庭农民能够轻松地采用自然循环耕作技术。3)自然循环畜牧业技术在促进区域畜牧业发展的同时，对环境保护也起到了重要作用。灌溉稻田作为一种非常适合日本气候的农业生产手段，起着非常重要的作用。那么，它的使用不应局限于水稻种植。特别是在稻田上作为次生作物种植的饲料作物，以及饲料用水稻和发酵饲料用水稻的种植，都需要引进。5)自然循环耕作法适合小规模农户，在一定时间内产量较小。然而，在未来，与当地生产和当地消费运动相联系的循环农业将在土地上扎根。

项目成果

三島徳三, 河本陽介: "BSE発生以降における家畜市場の動向と対策"農業市場研究. 11巻2号. 100-105 (2002)

三岛德三、河本洋介：“疯牛病爆发后牲畜市场的趋势和对策”《农业市场研究》第 11 卷，第 2 期，100-105（2002 年）。