A Research on the Institution and the Women's Policy for the Improvement of the Status of Women in the Republic of South Affica

南非洲共和国提高妇女地位的制度和妇女政策研究

• 批准号: 13837028
• 负责人: TANAKA Kazuko
• 金额: $ 1.34万
• 依托单位: Kokugakuin University
• 依托单位国家: 日本
• 项目类别: Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (C)
• 财政年份: 2001
• 资助国家: 日本
• 起止时间: 2001 至 2003
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://kaken.nii.ac.jp/grant/KAKENHI-PROJECT-13837028/
• 关键词: national machinery; national gender machinery; gender mainstreaming; gender audit; gender budget; women's policy; policy for gender equality; political participation of women; 女性政策機構; ジェンダーの主流化; ジェンダー予想; 国内本部機構

1 Structure, function and problems of the national gender machinery (NGM)(1) NGM in the Republic of South Africa (SA), which consists of parliament, government administration, independent statutory bodies and the civil society, has been well established as an institutional framework.(2) However, the NGM as process has not necessarily been working well because of the lack of capacity of two main players of NGM, the Office of the Status of Women (OSW) and Gender Focal Points (GFPs) in government departments.(3) Although the Commission for Gender Equality, which is unique for the national machinery in South Africa, is an independent body, it has been facing the issue of independence and the lack of financial and human resources.2 South Africa's National Policy Framework for Women's Empowerment and Gender Equality, which is the base for the women's policy in SA, is quite inclusive as a framework, but its implementation much depends on how much the GFPs can improve their capacity to carry out gender mainstreaming in their departments.3 As clarified by the South Africa's National Gender Audit, the workings of the Gender Management System (GMS) is still partial, and mechanisms and processes of the GMS have not been well developed yet.4 As a whole, because of the high political will is not matching to the administrative will, the administrative system aiming at gender mainstreaming has not yet been fully established in SA, thus is still short to be a comprehensive model for Japan.

（1）南非共和国的国家性别机制由议会、政府行政部门、独立的法定机构和民间社会组成，已经作为一个体制框架得到了很好的确立。(2)然而，由于国家性别机制的两个主要参与者-妇女地位办公室和政府各部门的性别问题协调中心-缺乏能力，国家性别机制作为一个进程并不一定运作良好。(3)虽然两性平等委员会是南非国家机制中的一个独特机构，是一个独立机构，但它一直面临着独立性以及缺乏财政和人力资源的问题。但其实施在很大程度上取决于性别问题协调中心在多大程度上能够提高其在各自部门开展性别主流化工作的能力。3正如南非国家性别审计所阐明的，性别管理系统的运作仍然是不全面的，4总体而言，由于高度的政治意愿与行政意愿不匹配，南澳大利亚州尚未完全建立旨在将性别观点纳入主流的行政系统，因此，作为日本的一个综合模式还很短。