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Auditory Grammar : Organization of Speech and Nonspeech

听觉语法:言语和非言语的组织

基本信息

批准号：
14101001
负责人：
NAKAJIMA Yoshitaka
金额：
$ 58.57万
依托单位：
KYUSHU UNIVERCITY (2004-2006)九州芸術工科大学 (2002-2003)
依托单位国家：
日本
项目类别：
Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (S)
财政年份：
2002
资助国家：
日本
起止时间：
2002 至 2006
项目状态：
已结题

项目摘要

In order to understand the crucial role of the human auditory system in our linguistic behavior, it is important to investigate how the auditory system selects and connects perceptual elements to be organized. No systematic experiments from such a viewpoint had been conducted before the present research project. Thus, we utilized linguistic and nonlinguistic materials related to new auditory phenomena that we had discovered, such as the gap transfer illusion and the split-off effect. We made auditory demonstrations, conducted perceptual experiments, and analyzed the temporal structures of speech and rhythm production. We conducted experiments on auditory attention employing tone sequences. Furthermore, we analyzed the relationship between syllable structures and syntactic structures of languages of the world. It was revealed that auditory events in auditory organization and syllables in speech have common aspects. Thus, we confirmed our hypothesis on the perception of auditory events and auditory streams. In this hypothesis, an auditory stream is considered as a linear concatenation of auditory events and silences. More exactly, an auditory stream consists of auditory subevents, i.e.,onsets, offsets, fillings, and silences, connected to each other linearly according to simple grammar and the proximity principle, one of the Gestalt principles. Employing synthesized Mandarin speech, we showed that an onset and an offset belonging to physically different sounds can create an illusory perception of a single Mandarin syllable. This finding extends the results we had obtained employing relatively simple sounds to the linguistic domain. Recently, we are conducting computational research on how the auditory system determines and organizes cues of discrete linguistic elements in acoustic signals changing continuously in time.

为了理解人类听觉系统在语言行为中的重要作用，研究听觉系统如何选择和连接要组织的感知元素是很重要的。在本研究项目之前，还没有从这种观点进行过系统的实验。因此，我们利用语言和非语言材料有关的新的听觉现象，我们已经发现，如差距转移错觉和分裂效果。我们进行了听觉演示，进行知觉实验，并分析了语音和节奏产生的时间结构。我们进行了实验听觉注意采用音调序列。此外，我们还分析了世界语言的音节结构和句法结构之间的关系。结果表明，听觉组织中的听觉事件和言语中的音节有共同的方面。因此，我们证实了我们的假设的感知听觉事件和听觉流。在这个假设中，听觉流被认为是听觉事件和沉默的线性串联。更确切地说，听觉流由听觉子事件组成，即，起始、偏移、填充和沉默，根据简单语法和接近原则（完形原则之一）线性地相互连接。采用合成的普通话语音，我们表明，属于物理上不同的声音的起始和偏移可以创建一个单一的普通话音节的错觉。这一发现将我们使用相对简单的声音获得的结果扩展到语言领域。最近，我们正在进行的计算研究，听觉系统如何确定和组织线索的离散语言元素的声学信号不断变化的时间。