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Empirical Study of the Effects of Large-Scale Infrastructure Development

大规模基础设施发展效果的实证研究

基本信息

批准号：
14205076
负责人：
SATO Keiichi
金额：
$ 20.97万
依托单位：
HOKKAIDO UNIVERSITY
依托单位国家：
日本
项目类别：
Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (A)
财政年份：
2002
资助国家：
日本
起止时间：
2002 至 2004
项目状态：
已结题

项目摘要

Intensive public discussions on privatization of the Japan Highway Public Corporation in FY 2003 established common view among parties concerned with regard to infrastructure development.In FY2004, specific cases of large-scale infrastructure development were comprehensively evaluated and relevant issues toward the future were organized. The study results during FY 2004 follow.(1)For infrastructure development, risks of confusion of a public work method and a public corporation method were pointed out. Recent discussions on privatization of public corporations were criticized because of its significant perspective lack focusing on mere profitability. A case study on Chubu Centrair International Airport empirically proved that large-scale infrastructure could be realized through measures other than public work.(2)The issue of large-scale infrastructure's renewal has been discussed. Since infrastructures including Shinkansen and Expressways have been developed without considering about t … More heir depletion, which has resulted in no available financial resources for their renewal. The lack of financial resources has been led to the issue of privatization of public corporations.(3)Infrastructure development by beneficiaries' payment ignores social benefits. The basic infrastructure development policy should return to the essential principle of infrastructure development by public funds, which realizes cheaper charges to enlarge social benefits.(4)Large-scale infrastructures that substantially depends on geographical conditions are completely different from technology oriented IT facilities in the way of development and utilization. Infrastructure development seeking only for profits in Japan's national land that locally varies in geography and climate will result in widening regional gaps, which may be led to omission of depopulated areas. As seen in the serious disputes over Takeshima Island between Japan and Korea, even a tiny island may become a strategic hot spot. Thus, the national policy trend minimizing or ignoring depopulated areas is fundamentally wrong. The national goal of balanced land development is supposed to be critical. Less

2003财政年度，关于日本公路局私有化的激烈公开讨论在有关基础设施发展的各方之间建立了共识。在2004财年，对大型基础设施建设的具体案例进行了综合评价，并对未来的相关问题进行了整理。2004财年的研究结果如下：(1)对于基础设施建设，指出了公共工程方式与公共公司方式混淆的风险。最近有关公共企业民营化的讨论，因缺乏对单纯收益性的关注而受到批评。以中部国际机场为例，实证证明大规模基础设施建设可以通过公共工程以外的措施实现。(2)讨论了大规模基础设施更新问题。由于包括新干线和高速公路在内的基础设施在开发时没有考虑到……更多的资源枯竭，这导致没有可用的财政资源来更新它们。财政资源的缺乏导致了国有企业私有化的问题。(3)受益人支付基础设施建设忽略了社会效益。基础设施建设政策应回归公司化基础设施建设的基本原则，实现低收费，扩大社会效益。(4)基于地理条件的大规模基础设施与基于技术的IT设施在开发利用方式上完全不同。在日本地理和气候各不相同的国土上，只追求利润的基础设施建设，将导致地区差距扩大，从而可能导致人口稀少地区的遗漏。就像日本和韩国之间严重的竹岛争端一样，即使是一个很小的岛屿也可能成为战略热点。因此，减少或忽视人口稀少地区的国家政策趋势是根本错误的。平衡土地发展的国家目标应该是至关重要的。少