History of floods, and long-term climatic and environmental changes in Asian monsoon region

亚洲季风区洪水历史及长期气候和环境变化

• 批准号: 14208008
• 负责人: MATSUMOTO Jun
• 金额: $ 26.12万
• 依托单位: The University of Tokyo
• 依托单位国家: 日本
• 项目类别: Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (A)
• 财政年份: 2002
• 资助国家: 日本
• 起止时间: 2002 至 2004
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://kaken.nii.ac.jp/grant/KAKENHI-PROJECT-14208008/
• 关键词: monsoon; climatic variations; paleo-ocean environment; floods; GIS; coral reef; shift of river channel; rainfall characteristics; 日本海; 長期再解析; 古海洋; 季節区分; アジアモンスーン; 気候変化; 環境変化; 古水文環境; サンゴ年輪; 日本海表層水; 日本海中深層水

This project aimed at compiling the history of floods, and reconstruct the past climate and environment related to Asian monsoon variations by utilizing past climatic data as well as geological data.As for the centennial time scale variations, it was revealed that summer monsoon rainfall in the Yangtze River basin increased in about 1,700,4,200 and 6,200 years ago. In the Kumozu River basin in central Japan, rapid deposition was found in about 6,000 years ago, then large-scale floods may have often occurred in this period. By the analysis of the coral core obtained at Ishigaki Island in Southwest Japan, past salinity was found to be reconstructed.As for the variations in the latter half of the past century, the shift of river channels in Brahmaputra River, Bangladesh occurred to be close to and apart from the equilibrium conditions in decadal time-scale. Severe floods in Bangladesh caused serious production loss in the rice cultivation during the summer monsoon season, while the dry season rice production after the severe floods was found to substantially increased to compensate the loss by the floods. The rainfall characteristics in Nepal located in the upper catchment area of the rivers flowing into Bangladesh, it was found that the heavy rainfall occurrences in Nepal were not corresponded to the severe floods occurrences in Bangladesh. In Japan, recently delay of the end of winter, onset and end of Baiu is found under the global warming. Also found is the systematic error in the NCEP/NCAR reanalysis data, popularly used in the climatic change study, over inland China was detected. Thus, it is not recommended to use this data for the long-term climatic change studies over East Asia.

该项目旨在通过对长江流域洪水历史的整理，利用历史气候资料和地质资料，重建与亚洲季风变化有关的历史气候环境，在百年时间尺度上，揭示了长江流域夏季风降水在1700年、4200年和6,200年前的增加。在日本中部的云津江流域，大约在6,000年前发现了快速沉积，那么这一时期可能经常发生大规模的洪水。通过对日本西南部石垣岛珊瑚柱的分析，发现过去的盐度被重建，孟加拉国雅鲁藏布江在过去世纪后半期的变化在年代际尺度上出现了接近和偏离平衡条件的变化。孟加拉国的严重水灾使夏季季风季节的水稻种植遭受严重的产量损失，而严重水灾后的旱季水稻产量却大幅度增加，以弥补水灾造成的损失。尼泊尔的降雨特征位于流入孟加拉国的河流的上游集水区，发现尼泊尔的暴雨发生与孟加拉国的严重洪水发生不对应。在日本，最近发现在全球变暖的影响下，冬季结束，白乌的开始和结束都推迟了。同时还发现，在气候变化研究中常用的NCEP/NCAR再分析资料在中国内陆地区存在系统误差。因此，不建议将这些资料用于东亚地区长期气候变化的研究。

项目成果

ラスター型DEMの解像度と地形表現力-多摩地域を事例として

栅格型DEM分辨率与地形表现力——以多摩地区为例

• 发表时间: 2003
• 期刊: 地理学評論 76
• 作者: 高橋昭子;小口 高;杉盛啓明
• 通讯作者: 杉盛啓明

地形と氾濫原管理-雲出川デルタの場合-

地形和漫滩管理——以云出河三角洲为例——

• 发表时间: 2004
• 期刊: 水利科学 278
• 作者: 春山成子;村井淳志
• 通讯作者: 村井淳志

Late Quaternary rapid talus dissection and debris-flow deposition on an alluvial fan in Syria.

叙利亚冲积扇上第四纪晚期的快速距骨解剖和泥石流沉积。

• 发表时间: 2004
• 期刊: Catena 55
• 作者: Oguchi;T.;Oguchi;C.T.
• 通讯作者: C.T.

紅河下流平野における地形と洪水

红河下游平原的地形和洪水

• 发表时间: 2003
• 期刊: 水利科学 274
• 作者: 春山成子;船引彩子;ルーバンチエム
• 通讯作者: ルーバンチエム

Tools in Fluvial Geomorphology

河流地貌学工具

• 发表时间: 2003
• 作者: Jacobson;R.B.;O'Conner;J.E.;Oguchi;T.
• 通讯作者: T.