Climatic variations for the last 300 years based on the meteorological data and the historical weather records at Nagasaki

根据长崎的气象数据和历史天气记录计算出近300年的气候变化

• 批准号: 11680097
• 负责人: MIKAMI Takehiko
• 金额: $ 2.3万
• 依托单位: Tokyo Metropolitan University
• 依托单位国家: 日本
• 项目类别: Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (C)
• 财政年份: 1999
• 资助国家: 日本
• 起止时间: 1999 至 2000
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://kaken.nii.ac.jp/grant/KAKENHI-PROJECT-11680097/
• 关键词: meteorological observation; data-base; temperature calibration; visual weathe report; Little Ice Age; climatic variation; 長崎

Official meteorological observations in Japan started in 1872. Prior to that period,from 1700 onward until 1868, daily visual weather reports are documented in diaries at many places in Japan. In this study, we have recovered instrumental observations from Dejima (Nagasaki), taken under the responsibility of the Dutch, covering the periods 1819-1828, 1845-1858 and 1871-1878. The Dejima series overlaps by six months with the modern Nagasaki Observatory series 1878-present and overlaps in its pre-1871 part with the Nagasaki 1700-1868 documentary series. The recovered data provide a means for calibrating the documentary series and extend the start of the instrumental Nagasaki series back from 1878 to 1819, leaving major gaps during 1829-1844 and 1859-1871.Our final objective for this study is to reconstruct the 300 years temperature variations based on both instrumental data and diary weather records. As an example, we reconstructed a January mean temperature series at Nagasaki since 1700. The result shows the existence of apparent warmer period in 18th century compared to 19th century. Further investigations would be expected to clarify the overall feature of the climatic variations in Japan for the last 300 years.

日本的官方气象观测始于1872年。在此之前，从1700年起直到1868年，日本许多地方的日记中都记录了每日视觉天气报告。在这项研究中，我们恢复了荷兰人负责的出岛（长崎）的仪器观测，涵盖1819-1828年、1845-1858年和1871-1878年期间。出岛系列与现代长崎天文台系列1878年至今重叠6个月，1871年之前的部分与长崎1700-1868年纪录片系列重叠。恢复的资料为校正文献资料提供了一种手段，并将仪器长崎系列的起始时间从1878年延长到1819年，留下了1829-1844年和1859- 1871年的主要空白。作为一个例子，我们重建了自1700年以来长崎1月平均温度序列。结果表明，与19世纪相比，18世纪存在明显的暖期。进一步的调查将有望澄清过去300年来日本气候变化的总体特征。

项目成果

T.Mikami et al.: "Statistical estimates of daily mean temperature derived from the limited number of daily observation"Geophys.Research Letters. (submitted). (2002)

T.Mikami 等人：“根据有限数量的日常观测得出的日平均温度的统计估计”地球物理学研究快报。

Mikami,T. et al.: "The instrumental meteorological records at Dejima,Japan in mid-19th century."Proc. Int. Conf. on Climate Change and Variability. 42-46 (2000)

三上，T.

T.Mikami et al.: "Pre-1872 extension of the Japanese instrumental meteorological observation series back to 1819"Journal of Climate. (submitted). (2002)

T.Mikami 等人：“1872 年之前日本仪器气象观测系列的延伸可追溯到 1819 年”气候杂志。

三上岳彦: "歴史時代の気候変動"海洋. No.24. 194-199 (2001)

三上武彦：“历史时期的气候变化”海洋，194-199（2001）。

Mikami,T.: "Quantitative climatic reconstruction in Japan based on historical documents."Bull. Of the Natl. Museum of Japanese History. No.81. 41-50 (1999)

Mikami,T.：“基于历史文献的日本定量气候重建。”Bull。