Study on the functions of hydraulic structures and riverbed evolution for the basin-wide sediment managements

水工建筑物和河床演化对全流域泥沙治理的作用研究

• 批准号: 14350265
• 负责人: NAKAGAWA Hajime
• 金额: $ 9.79万
• 依托单位: KYOTO UNIVERSITY
• 依托单位国家: 日本
• 项目类别: Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (B)
• 财政年份: 2002
• 资助国家: 日本
• 起止时间: 2002 至 2005
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://kaken.nii.ac.jp/grant/KAKENHI-PROJECT-14350265/
• 关键词: sediment yield; sediment management; check dam; topographical change; sediment flushing; groyne; embayment; numerical simulation; 流砂; 河川環境; 多様性; 浮遊砂; バンダル; 流域一貫の土砂管理; 格子型砂防ダム; 土石流; 河道変動; 伝統的河川工法; 流砂系; 砂防施設; ウォッシュロード; 伝統的河川構造物; 透過型砂防ダ

In order to execute appropriate basin-wide sediment managements, it is necessary to know the processes of sediment yield, transport, and deposition. In this research, observations of sediment yield were done and found that in the central Japan, freezing and thawing of the ground influence the amount of sediment yields and it has little correlation with rainfall which will not generate landslides. A rainfall and sediment runoff model and a prediction model of surface landslide were developed where the time variation of moisture contents was taken into account, and the validity of the models was checked by the observed and experimental data. In the sediment transport process, it is very important to discharge sediment downstream from check dams and reservoirs appropriately from the view point of amount of sediment and the diameter. Therefore, a numerical simulation model was developed which can express the jamming process of the big boulders into junglegym-type check dams. The model was found to be valid by the experimental data. Moreover, sediment flushing and sluicing from the reservoir become very important due to environmental problem as well as the problem of the decrease of reservoir functions. The new method to remove the sediment deposited in the reservoir downstream was developed and the availability of it is checked by the experimental data Due to the sediment supply from upstream, middle and downstream regions of the riverbed will be strongly influenced resulting in the variation of the river topography. In order to evaluate the effectiveness of hydraulic structures in the river, a numerical model was developed to simulate the flow and local scour around hydraulic structures. The model was found to be valid by comparing the computed results with experimental data. The functions of traditional riparian works such as Bandal-like structures were also investigated.

为了实施适当的全流域泥沙管理，有必要了解产沙、输沙和沉积过程。本研究通过对产沙量的观测发现，在日本中部地区，地面冻融对产沙量的影响较小，与降雨的相关性较小，不会产生山体滑坡。建立了考虑含水率随时间变化的降雨泥沙径流模型和地表滑坡预测模型，并通过实测数据和试验数据验证了模型的有效性。在输沙过程中，从泥沙量和泥沙直径的角度出发，适当地向下游排沙是十分重要的。为此，建立了一种能反映大卵石淤塞成小方格坝过程的数值模拟模型。实验数据表明，该模型是有效的。此外，由于环境问题和水库功能下降的问题，水库的冲沙和泄洪变得非常重要。提出了一种新的水库下游泥沙清除方法，并通过实验数据验证了该方法的有效性。由于河床上、中、下游的泥沙供应会受到强烈的影响，导致河流地形的变化。为了评价河流中水工建筑物的有效性，建立了水工建筑物周围水流和局部冲刷的数值模拟模型。将计算结果与实验数据进行了比较，验证了模型的有效性。传统的河岸工程如带状结构的功能也进行了研究。

项目成果

Scouring around spur-dikes in alluvial floodplain rivers

冲积洪泛区河流中丁坝周围的冲刷

• 发表时间: 2004
• 期刊: Annual J.of Hydraulic Engineering, JSCE Vol.48
• 作者: Md.Munsur Rahman;Nakagawa Hajime;Haque M.Anisul
• 通讯作者: Haque M.Anisul

Velocity measurements in a river with a series of groynes by a ship-mounted ADCP

通过船载 ADCP 对具有一系列防波堤的河流进行流速测量

• 发表时间: 2006
• 期刊: J. Hydroscience and Hydraulic Engineering 25(In press)
• 作者: Muto;Y.;Kitamura;K.;Baba;Y.;Nakagawa;H
• 通讯作者: H

Flow and bed deformation around a series of impermeable and permeable spur dykes

一系列不透水和透水丁坝周围的水流和河床变形

• 发表时间: 2005
• 期刊: Proc. of the International Conference on Monitoring, Prediction and Mitigation of Water-Related Disasters
• 作者: Zhang;H.;Nakagawa;H.;Ishigaki;T.;Muto;Y.;Khaleduzzaman;ATM
• 通讯作者: ATM

格子型ダムによる土石流の調節に関する数値解析

格构坝泥石流防治数值分析

• 发表时间: 2005
• 期刊: 砂防学会誌 Vol.57, No.6
• 作者: 里深好文;水山高久
• 通讯作者: 水山高久

画像処理方式による礫床河川の粒度分布測定装置の開発

图像处理法砾石床河粒度分布测量装置的研制

• 发表时间: 2005
• 期刊: 砂防学会誌 Vol.58, No.2
• 作者: 内尾政人;中川 一;澤田豊明;横山康二;上杉満昭;福田義徳
• 通讯作者: 福田義徳